Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T08:17:12.782Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Metal Enriched Dark Cluster of Galaxies at Z = 1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2016

M. Hattori*
Affiliation:
Astronomical Institute, Touhoku University Aoba Aramaki, Aoba, Sendai 980-77, Japan

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Looking for and studying very distant galaxy clusters, clusters at z > 1, are one of the prime subjects of the modern observational cosmology. If the metallicity of the hot intra-cluster medium in very distant galaxy clusters is measured for example, it provides fruitful informations for us to understand the formation and evolution of galaxies. However, difficulty of the study is that there is few confirmed very distant galaxy clusters yet. We first have to search for very distant clusters but it requires very deep observations. A random selection of sky is not practical. We have to select the sky. In this article, it is demonstrated that missing lens problem has close connection with very distant cluster of galaxies and dark lens searches could open a new window for studying very distant cluster of galaxies.

Type
Conference Papers in order of Presentation
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 

References

Anders, E., Grevesse, N., (1989) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , 53, 197.Google Scholar
Arnaud, M., Rothenflug, R., Boullade, O., et al., (1992) A&A , 254, 49.Google Scholar
Arp, H., Crane, P., (1992) Phys. Lett. A , 168, 6.Google Scholar
Bade, N., Siebert, J., Lopez, S., Voges, W., Reimers, D., (1997), A&A , 317, 13 (BADE97).Google Scholar
Bonnet, H., Fort, B., Kneib, J.-P., Mellier, Y., Soucail, G., (1993) A&A , 280, L5.Google Scholar
Briel, U.G., Henry, J.P., Böhringer, H., (1992) A&A , 259, L31.Google Scholar
Chavushyan, V.H., Vlasyuk, V.V., Stcpanian, J.A., et al., (1997), A&A , 318, L67 (CHA97).Google Scholar
Claeskens, J.-F., Surdej, J., Remy, M., (1996), A&A , 305, L9 (CLAE96).Google Scholar
Dickey, J.M., Lockman, F.J., (1990) ARAA , 28, 215.Google Scholar
Djorgovski, S., Spinrad, H., (1984), ApJ , 280, 9 (DS84).Google Scholar
Donahue, M., (1996) ApJ , 468, 79.Google Scholar
Donahue, M., Gioia, I., Luppino, G., Hughes, J.P., Stocke, J.T., (1997) astro-ph/9707010 .Google Scholar
Ebeling, H., Mendes de Oliveira, C., White, D.A., (1995) MNRAS , 277, 1006.Google Scholar
Fischer, P., Tyson, J.A., Bernstein, G., Guhathakurta, P., (1994) ApJ , 431, L71.Google Scholar
Foltz, C.B., Weyman, R.J., Roser, H.J., Chaffee, F.H., (1984) ApJ , 281, L1.Google Scholar
Hammer, F., Le Fèvre, O., (1990), ApJ , 357, 38 (HAM90).Google Scholar
Hammer, F., Le Fèvre, O., Angonin, M.C., et al., (1991), A&A , 250, L5 (HAM91).Google Scholar
Hattori, M., Terasawa, N., (1993) ApJ , 406, L55.Google Scholar
Hattori, M., Ikebe, Y., Asaoka, I., Takeshima, T., Böhringer, H., Mihara, T., Neumann, D.M., Schindler, S., Tsuru, T., Tamura, T., (1997a) Nature , 388, 146.Google Scholar
Hattori, M., Matsuzawa, H., Morikawa, K., Kneib, J.-P., et al., (1997b) in preparation .Google Scholar
Hattori, M., Ikebe, Y., et al., (1997c) in preparation .Google Scholar
Hawkins, M.R.S., Clements, D., Fried, J.W., et al., (1997), astro-ph/9709049 (HAW97).Google Scholar
Hewett, P.C., Webster, R.L., Harding, M.E., et al., (1989), ApJ , 346, L61 (HEWE89).Google Scholar
Hewett, P.C., Irwin, M.J., Foltz, C.B., et al., (1994), AJ , 108, 1534 (hewe94).Google Scholar
Hewett, P.C., Foltz, C.B., Harding, M.E., Lewis, G.F., (1997), AJ , in press (HEWE97).Google Scholar
Hewitt, J.N., Turner, E.L., Lawrence, C.R., et al., (1987), ApJ , 321, 706 (HEWI87).Google Scholar
Hewitt, J.N., Turner, E.L., Lawrence, C.R., et al., (1992), AJ , 104, 968 (HEWI92).Google Scholar
Huchra, J., Gorenstein, M., Kent, S., (1985), AJ , 90, 691 (HUC85).Google Scholar
Jauncey, D.L., et al., (1991), Nature , 352, 132 (JAUN91).Google Scholar
Jackson, N., de Bruyn, A.G., Myers, S., et al., (1995), MNRAS , 274, L25 (JAC95).Google Scholar
Keeton, C.R., Kochanek, C.S., (1996), in Astrophysical Applications of Gravitational Lensing , eds. Kochanek, C.S. & Hewitt, J.N., (Kluwer: Dordrecht, Holland) 419.Google Scholar
Kochanek, C.S., Falco, E.E., Muñoz, J.A., (1997), astro-ph/9710165 .Google Scholar
Langston, G.L., Schneider, D.P., Conner, S., et al., (1989), AJ , 97, 1283 (LANG89).Google Scholar
Langston, G.I., Fischer, J., Aspin, C., (1991) AJ. , 102, 1253.Google Scholar
Lawrence, C.R., Schneider, D.P., Schmidt, M., et al., (1984), Science , 223, 46 (LAW84).Google Scholar
Le Fèvre, O., Hammer, F., (1988), ApJ , 333, L37 (LEF88).Google Scholar
Lehár, J., Langston, G.I., Silber, A., et al., (1993), AJ , 105, 847 (LEH93).Google Scholar
Lehár, J., (1994), in Gravitational Lenses in the Universe , Ed. Surdej, et al., (Liège: Université de Liège), 208 (LEH94).Google Scholar
Magain, P., Surdej, J., Swings, J.-P., et al., (1988), Nature , 334, 327 (MAG88).Google Scholar
Magain, P., Surdej, J., Vanderriest, C., et al., (1992), A&A , 253, L13 (MAG92).Google Scholar
McMahon, , et al., (1992), Gemini , 36, 1 (MCM92).Google Scholar
Mellier, Y., Dantel-Fort, M., Fort, B., Bonnet, H., (1994) A&A , 289, 15.Google Scholar
Meylan, G., Djorgovski, S., (1989), ApJ , 338, L1 (MD89).Google Scholar
Mushotzky, R.F., Scharf, C.A., (1997) astro-ph/9703039 (MS97).Google Scholar
Myers, S.T., et al., (1995), ApJ , 447, L5 (MY95).Google Scholar
Narasimha, D., Subramanian, K., Chitre, S.M., (1987), Astrophys. J. , 315, 434439 (NSC).Google Scholar
Navarro, J.F., Frenk, C.S., White, S.M.D., (1995) MNRAS , 275, 720.Google Scholar
Ohashi, T., (1995) Proc. 17 th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology , eds. Böhringer, H., et al.,(The New York Acad. of Sciences, New York), 217.Google Scholar
Patnaik, A.R., Browne, I.W.A., Walsh, D., et al., (1992), MNRAS , 259, L1 (Pat92).Google Scholar
Patnaik, A.R., Browne, I.W.A., Walsh, D., et al., (1992), MNRAS , 259, L9 (PAT92.2).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Patnaik, A.R., (1994), in Gravitational Lenses in the Universe , Ed. Surdej, et al., (Liège: Université de Liège), 311 (PAT94).Google Scholar
Pelló, R., Miralles, J.M., Le Borgne, J.-F., Picat, J.-P., et al., (1996) A&A , 314, 73.Google Scholar
Ratnatunga, K.U., et al., (1995), ApJ , 453, L5 (RAT95).Google Scholar
Raymond, J.C., Smith, B.W., (1977), ApJS , 35, 419.Google Scholar
Sarazin, C.L., (1986) Rev. Mod. Phys. , 58, 1.Google Scholar
Schneider, P., Ehlers, J., Falco, E.E., (1992), Gravitational Lenses , (Springer-Verlag).Google Scholar
Schneider, D.P., Lawrence, C.R., Schmidt, M., et al., (1985) ApJ , 294, 66.Google Scholar
Schneider, D.P., et al., (1986) AJ , 91, 991.Google Scholar
Simcoe, R.A., Richards, G., Turner, E.L., (1997) private communication , in preparation.Google Scholar
Steidel, C.C., Sargent, W.L.W., (1991) AJ , 102, 1610.Google Scholar
Surdej, J., Magain, P., Swings, J.-P., et al., (1987), Nature , 329, 695 (SURD87).Google Scholar
Sykes, C.M., Browne, I.W.A., Jackson, N.J., et al., (1997), astro-ph/9710358 (SYK97).Google Scholar
Tinney, C.G., (1995), MNRAS , 277, 609 (TIN95).Google Scholar
Tyson, J.A., Seitzer, P., Weymann, R.J., Foltz, C., (1986), AJ , 91, 1274.Google Scholar
van Waerbeke, L., Mellier, Y., Schneider, P., et al., (1997), A&A , 317, 303.Google Scholar
Walsh, D., Carswell, R.F., Weymann, R.J., (1979), Nature , 279, 381 (WALSH79).Google Scholar
Weedman, D.W., Weymann, R.J., Green, R.F., et al., (1982), ApJ , 255, L5 (WEED82).Google Scholar
Weymann, R.J., Latham, D., Angel, J.R.P., et al., (1980), Nature , 285, 641 (WEY80).Google Scholar
Wiklind, T., Combes, F., (1996), Nature , 379, 139.Google Scholar
Wisotzki, L., Kohler, T., Kayser, R., Reimers, D., (1993), A&A , 278, L15 (WIS93).Google Scholar
Wisotzki, L., Köhler, T., Lopcz, S., Rcimmers, D., (1996), A&A , 315, L408 (WIS96).Google Scholar