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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 May 2016
It has been a long-standing cosmological issue to explain why the statistical distribution of the radial pairwise peculiar velocity of galaxies has an exponential shape rather than the Gaussian, as suggested by observations and explicitly shown by results of N-body simulations. Previous explanations on the exponential distribution are based on highly nonlinear dynamics of galactic systems (R < 1h–1 Mpc). That is, the exponential feature appears as a result of superposition of Gaussian velocity distributions in clumps with various velocity dispersions. Hence although this model is suitable to account for a symmetric exponential distribution with vanishing mean net relative velocity, a more elaborate treatment is necessary in order to reproduce an asymmetric exponential distribution with its peak at a negative relative velocity as observed in numerical simulations.