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The Heating of the Quiet Solar Chromosphere

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 July 2016

Wolfgang Kalkofen
Wolfgang Kalkofen*
Affiliation:
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachussetts 02138, USA

Abstract

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The quiet solar chromosphere shows three distinct regions. Ordered according to the strength of the emission from the low and middle chromosphere they are (1) the magnetic elements on the boundary of supergranulation cells, (2) the bright points in the cell interior, and (3) the truly quiet chromosphere, also in the cell interior. The magnetic elements on the cell boundary are associated with intense magnetic fields and are heated by waves with very long periods, ranging from six to twelve minutes; the bright points are associated with magnetic elements of low field strength and are heated by (long-period) waves with periods near the acoustic cutoff period of three minutes; and the quiet cell interior, which is free of magnetic field, may be heated by short-period acoustic waves, with periods below one minute. This paper reviews mainly the heating of the bright points and concludes that the large-amplitude, long-period waves heating the bright points dissipate enough energy to account for their chromospheric temperature structure.

Type
VI. Chromospheric and Coronal Heating
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 142: Basic Plasma Processes on the Sun , 1990 , pp. 197 - 206
Copyright
Copyright © Kluwer 1990 

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