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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 03 August 2017
We discuss the distribution and spectral characteristics of diffuse ionized gas in nearby galaxies. The existence of this elusive component of the interstellar medium (ISM), also referred to as the Warm Ionized Medium, is by now well established from deep imaging and spectroscopic surveys in several emission lines in external galaxies. Diffuse ionized gas is characterized by a relatively high ratio of [SII] over Hα intensities, typically twice as high as for discrete HII regions. The diffuse gas has been mapped in both edge-on and more face-on galaxies providing information on the radial and vertical distribitions. Emission from diffuse ionized gas is strongest around star forming regions. The vertical distribution appears related to the radio continuum thick-disk emission. We also briefly discuss ionization mechanisms, and the connection between star formation characteristics and morphology of the interstellar medium.