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EFFECTS OF AGE AND SPEAKING RATE ON VOICE ONSET TIME

The Production of Voiceless Stops by Near-Native L2 Speakers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2014

Katrin Stölten ,
Niclas Abrahamsson  and
Kenneth Hyltenstam
Katrin Stölten*
Affiliation:
Stockholm University
Niclas Abrahamsson
Affiliation:
Stockholm University
Kenneth Hyltenstam
Affiliation:
Stockholm University
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Katrin Stölten, Centre for Research on Bilingualism, Stockholm University, SE—106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

As part of a research project on the investigation of second language (L2) ultimate attainment in 41 Spanish early and late near-native speakers of L2 Swedish, the present study reports on voice onset time (VOT) analyses of the production of Swedish word-initial voiceless stops, /p t k/. Voice onset time is analyzed in milliseconds as well as in percentages of word duration, thereby accounting for speaking rate effects. The results revealed an overall age effect on VOT production; however, this age effect became salient and statistically significant for all three stops only when speaking rate was taken into consideration. Similarly, when speaking rate was accounted for, only a small minority of the late learners exhibited actual nativelike L2 behavior, and most (but far from all) early learners performed within native-speaker range. The results are taken as an indication for relative VOT, as opposed to absolute VOT, constituting a reliable measure of nativelike L2 stop production, which has important implications for future research on age effects and maturational constraints in L2 acquisition.

Type
Articles
Information
Studies in Second Language Acquisition , Volume 37 , Issue 1 , March 2015 , pp. 71 - 100
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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