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Selecting Chief Justices by Peer Vote

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2021

Madelyn Fife ,
Greg Goelzhauser Open the ORCID record for Greg Goelzhauser [Opens in a new window]  and
Stephen T. Loertscher
Madelyn Fife
Affiliation:
New York University, New York City, NY, USA
Greg Goelzhauser*
Affiliation:
Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
Stephen T. Loertscher
Affiliation:
Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
*
Greg Goelzhauser, Department of Political Science, Utah State University, Logan, UT84322, USA. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

What characteristics do state supreme court justices prioritize when choosing leaders? At the federal level, collegial court leaders are appointed or rotated by seniority. A plurality of states permit peer-vote selection, but the consequences of employing this mechanism are not well known. We develop a theory of chief justice selection emphasizing experience, bias, and politics. Leveraging within-contest variation and more than a half century’s worth of original contest data, we find that chief justice peer votes often default to seniority rotation. Ideological divergence from the court median, governor, and legislature is largely unassociated with selection. Justices who dissent more than their peers are, however, disadvantaged. We find no evidence of discrimination against women or people of color. The results have implications for policy debates about political leader selection.

Keywords

judicial politicsjudicial selectionjudicial decision makingchief justices
Type
Original Article
Information
State Politics & Policy Quarterly , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , June 2021 , pp. 165 - 194
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2020

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