Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T19:48:04.119Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Electoral Career Movements and the Flow of Political Power in the American Federal System

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2021

Peverill Squire*
Affiliation:
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
*
Peverill Squire, Department of Political Science, University of Missouri, 103 Professional Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

I offer a novel way of documenting the flow of power between the state and federal governments. Rather than look at programs or expenditures, I examine the behavior of elected officials. Assuming that ambitious politicians gravitate toward the locus of political power, I track the flow of elected officials in the American federal system. Specifically, I look at the career paths of more than 12,000 individuals who served in the U.S. Congress between 1789 and 2012. By analyzing the movement of elected officials between the state and federal levels, I confirm the prevailing story line on the evolution of American federalism while generating a measure that can be used to assess the relative distribution of power in the system across time.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2014

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Birkhead, Nathaniel, Uriarte, Gabriel, and Bianco, William. 2010. “The Impact of State Legislative Term Limits on the Competitiveness of Congressional Elections.” American Politics Research 38:842–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowman, Anne O.'M., and Kearney, Richard C.. 2011. State and Local Government. 8th ed. Boston: Wadsworth.Google Scholar
Brudnick, Ida A. 2013. “Salaries of Members of Congress: Recent Actions and Historical Tables.” U.S. Congressional Research Service. 22 March (https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/97-615.pdf).Google Scholar
Caro, Robert A. 2012. The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Passage of Power. Vol. 4. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Dresang, Dennis L., and Gosling, James J.. 2010. Politics and Policy in American States and Communities. 7th ed. Boston: Longman.Google Scholar
Dye, Thomas R., and MacManus, Susan A.. 2009. Politics in the States and Communities. 13th ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson.Google Scholar
Gizzi, John. 2000. “Politics.” Human Events 56:1819.Google Scholar
Harrigan, John J., and Nice, David C.. 2013. Politics and Policy in States and Communities. 11th ed. Boston: Pearson.Google Scholar
Huckshorn, Robert J., and Spencer, Robert C.. 1971. The Politics of Defeat: Campaigning for Congress. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.Google Scholar
Jacobson, Lou. 2005. “Politicians Who Are Downwardly Mobile, By Choice or Not.” Roll Call. http://www.rollcall.com/issues/51_5/-10027-1.html?pg=3 (accessed July 14, 2013).Google Scholar
Kernell, Samuel. 1977. “Toward Understanding 19th Century Congressional Careers: Ambition, Competition, and Rotation.” American Journal of Political Science 21:669–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landrigan, Kevin. 1990. “Downwardly Mobile Humphrey Eyes State Senate Run.” The Telegraph. http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2209&dat=19900510&id=D4RKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-5MMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6808,2255329 (accessed May 10, 2013).Google Scholar
Lazarus, Jeffrey. 2006. “Term Limits' Multiple Effects on State Legislators' Career Decisions.” State Politics & Policy Quarterly 6:357–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayhew, David R. 1986. Placing Parties in American Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, Charles. 1915. History of Michigan. Vol. 4. Chicago: Lewis Publishing.Google Scholar
Polsby, Nelson W. 1968. “The Institutionalization of the U.S. House of Representatives.” American Political Science Review 62:144–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, Richard J. 2000. “The Impact of Term Limits on the Candidacy Decisions of State Legislators in U.S. House Elections.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 25:645–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prescott, Paul B. 1955. “Federal-State Relations, 1790-1860.” Journal of Economic History 15:227–45.Google Scholar
Price, H. Douglas. 1975. “Congress and the Evolution of Legislative ‘Professionalism.‘” In Congress in Change: Evolution and Reform, ed. Ornstein, Norman J.. New York: Praeger, 223.Google Scholar
Riker, William H. 1955. “The Senate and American Federalism.” American Political Science Review 49:452–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riker, William H. 1964. Federalism: Origin, Operation, Significance. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Saffell, David C., and Basehart, Harry. 2009. State and Local Government: Politics and Public Policies. 9th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Scheiber, Harry N. 1977. “American Federalism and the Diffusion of Power: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives.” University of Toledo Law Review 9:619–80.Google Scholar
Snowiss, Leo M. 1966. “Congressional Recruitment and Representation.” American Political Science Review 60:627–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Squire, Peverill. 2012. The Evolution of American Legislatures: Colonies, Territories, and States, 1619-2009. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Squire, Peverill, and Hamm, Keith E.. 2005. 101 Chambers: Congress, State Legislatures, and the Future of Legislative Studies. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
Steen, Jennifer A. 2006. “The Impact of State Legislative Term Limits on the Supply of Congressional Candidates.” State Politics & Policy Quarterly 6:430–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stolz, Klaus. 2003. “Moving Up, Moving Down: Political Careers Across Territorial Levels.” European Journal of Political Research 42:223–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar