Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T10:50:50.917Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Perceptions of Self-concept and Self-presentation by Procrastinators: Further Evidence

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2014

Joseph R. Ferrari*
Affiliation:
DePaul University
Juan Francisco Díaz-Morales
Affiliation:
Universidad Complutense
*
Correspondence should be sent to the first author at the Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 North Kenmore Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60614 (United States). Phone: (773) 325–4244. email: [email protected]

Abstract

Two samples of university students completed self-report measures of chronic procrastination and either self-concept variables (Sample 1, n = 233) or self-presentational styles (Sample 2, n = 210). Results indicated that procrastination was significantly related to a self-concept of oneself as dominated by issues related to task performance, and to self-presentation strategies that reflected a person as continually justifying and excusing task delays and being “needy” of others' approval. It seems that men and women procrastinate in order to improve their social standing by making their accomplishments seem greater than they really are.

Dos muestras de estudiantes universitarios completaron auto-informes de procrastinación crónica y de variables de auto-concepto (Muestra 1, n = 233) o de estilos de auto-presentación (Muestra 2, n = 210). Los resultados indicaron que la procrastinación se relaciona significativamente con el auto-concepto de una persona que se siente dominada por los asuntos relacionados con la ejecución de tareas, y con estrategias de auto-presentación que reflejan una persona que constantemente justifica y excusa los retrasos en las tareas y necesita la aprobación de los demás. Parece que los hombres y las mujeres procrastinan para mejorar su estatus social haciendo que sus logros parezcan más importantes de lo que realmente son.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beswick, G., Rothblum, E.D., & Mann, L. (1988). Psychological antecedents of student procrastination. Australian Psychologist, 23, 207217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Díaz-Morales, J.F., Ferrari, J.R., Díaz, K., & Argumedo, D. (2006). Factorial structure of three procrastination scales with Spanish adult population. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 22, 132137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R. (1991a). A preference for a favorable public impression by procrastination: Selecting among cognitive and social tasks. Personalityand Individual Differences, 12, 12331237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R. (1991b). Self-handicapping by procrastinators: Protecting social-esteem, self-esteem, or both? Journal of Research in Personality, 25, 245261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R. (1993). Christmas and procrastination: Explaining lack of diligence at a “real-world” task deadline. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 2533.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R. (1994). Dysfunctional procrastination and its relationship with self-esteem, interpersonal dependency, and self-defeating behaviors. Personality and Individual Differences, 15, 673679.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R. (2001). Procrastination as self-regulation failure of performance: Effects of cognitive load, self-awareness, and time limits on ‘working best under pressure.’ European Journal of Personality, 15, 391406.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R. (2004). Trait procrastination in academic settings: An overview of students who engage in task delays. In. Schowuenburg, H.C.,Lay, C., Pychyl, T.A., & Ferrari, J.R. (Eds.), Counseling the procrastinator in academic settings (pp. 1928). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., & Díaz-Morales, J.F. (in press). Procrastination: Different time orientations reflect different motives. Journal of Research in Personality.Google Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., Díaz-Morales, J.F., O'Callaghan, J., Díaz, K., & Argumedo, D. (in press). Frequent behavioral delay tendencies by adults: International prevalence rates of chronic procrastination. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology.Google Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., Johnson, J.L., & McCown, W.G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., O'Callahan, J., & Newbegin, I. (2004). Prevalence of procrastination in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia: Arousal and Avoidance delays among adults. North American Journal of Psychology, 6, 16.Google Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., & Patel, T. (2004). Social comparisons by procrastinators: Rating peers with similar and dissimilar delay tendencies. Personality and Individual Differences, 37, 14931501.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., & Pychyl, T.A. (2000). Procrastination: Current issues and new directions. Corte Madera, CA: Select Press.Google Scholar
Ferrari, J.R., & Tice, D.M. (2000). Procrastination as a self-handicap for men and women: A task avoidance strategy in a laboratory setting. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 7383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gecas, V. (1982). The self-concept. Annual Reviews of Sociology, 8, 133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lay, C.H. (1986). At last, my research article on procrastination. Journal of Research in Personality, 20, 474495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S.J., Quigley, B.M., Nesler, M.S., Corbett, A.B., & Tedeschi, J.T. (1999). Development of a self-presentation tactics scales. Personality and Individual Differences, 26, 701722.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCown, W., Johnson, J., & Petzel, T. (1989). Procrastination, a principal components analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 197202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milgram, N.A., Sroloff, B., & Rosenbaum, M. (1988). The procrastination of everyday life. Journal of Research in Personality, 22, 197212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Schlenker, B.R., Dlugolecki, D.W., & Doherty, K. (1994). The impact of self-presentations on self-appraisals of behavior: The power of public commitment. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 2033.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Senecal, C., Koestner, R., & Vallerand, R.J. (1995). Self-regulation and academic procrastination. Journal of Social Psychology, 135, 607619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Solomon, L.J., & Rothblum, E. (1984). Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31, 503509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stake, J.E. (1994). Development and validation of the six-factor self-concept scale for adults. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 54, 5672.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steel, P. (in press). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quintessential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin.Google Scholar
Tedeschi, J.T. (1981). Impression management theory and social psychological research. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
van Eerde, W. (2003). A meta-analytically derived nomological network of procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 14011418.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van Eerde, W. (2004). Procrastination in academic settings and theBig Five model of personality: A meta-analysis. In Schouwenburg, H.C., Lay, C.H., Pychyl, T.A., & Ferrari, J.R. (Eds.), Counseling the procrastinator in academic settings (pp. 2940). Washington: American Psychological Association.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yanico, B.J., & Lu, T.G.C (2000). A psychometric evaluation of the six-factor self-concept scale in a sample of racial/ethnic minority women. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60, 8699.CrossRefGoogle Scholar