Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T07:22:37.088Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Interpersonal Self-Support and Attentional Disengagement from Emotional Faces

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2015

Ling - Xiang Xia ,
Xu - Liang Shi ,
Ran - Ran Zhang  and
Steven D. Hollon
Ling - Xiang Xia*
Affiliation:
Southwest University (China)
Xu - Liang Shi
Affiliation:
Southwest University (China)
Ran - Ran Zhang
Affiliation:
Southwest University (China)
Steven D. Hollon
Affiliation:
Vanderbilt University (USA)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Ling-Xiang Xia. Southwest University. Faculty of Psychological Science.1 Tiansheng Road. 400715. Chongqing (China). Phone: +86–2368367841. Fax: +86–2368253629. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Prior studies have shown that interpersonal self-support is related to emotional symptoms. The present study explored the relationship between interpersonal self-support and attentional disengagement from emotional faces. A spatial cueing task was administrated to 21 high and 24 low interpersonal self-support Chinese undergraduate students to assess difficulty in shifting away from emotional faces. The Sidak corrected multiple pairwise tests revealed that the low interpersonal self-support group had greater response latencies on negative faces than neutral faces or positive faces in the invalid cues condition, F(2, 41) = 5.68, p < .01, η2 = .22. In addition, in the invalid cues condition, the low interpersonal self-support group responded more slowly than the high interpersonal self-support group to negative faces, F(1, 42) = 7.63, p < .01, η2 = .15, the 95% confidence interval for difference of reaction time from 16.30 to 104.70. The results support our hypotheses that low interpersonal self-support is related to difficulty disengaging from negative emotional information and suggest that interpersonal self-support may refer to emotional dispositions, especially negative emotional dispositions.

Keywords

interpersonal self-supportattentional disengagementattentional biasemotional faces
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 17 , 2014 , E106
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & Erbaugh, J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561–571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bimler, D., & Kirkland, J. (2001). Categorical perception of facial expressions of emotion: Evidence from multidimensional scaling. Cognition and Emotion, 15, 633–658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02699930126214 Google Scholar
Cisler, J. M., & Olatunji, B. O. (2010). Components of attentional biases in contamination fear: Evidence for difficulty in disengagement. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 48, 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2009.09.003 Google Scholar
Clark, L. A., Watson, D., & Mineka, S. (1994). Temperament, personality, and the mood and anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 103–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0021-843X.103.1.103 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Derryberry, D., & Reed, M. A. (1994). Temperament and attention: Orienting toward and away from positive and negative signals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 1128–1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.66.6.1128 Google Scholar
Gotlib, I. H., & Joormann, J. (2010). Cognition and depression: Current status and future directions. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 285–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131305 Google Scholar
Izard, C. E., Libero, D. Z., Putnam, P., & Haynes, O. M. (1993). Stablility of emotion experiences and their relations to traits of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 847–860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.64.5.847 Google Scholar
Koster, E. H., Leyman, L., De Raedt, R., & Crombez, G. (2006). Cueing of visual attention by emotional facial expressions: The influence of individual differences in anxiety and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 329–339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.12.022 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsen, R. J., & Ketelaar, T. (1991). Personality and susceptibility to positive and negative emotional states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, 132–140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.61.1.132 Google Scholar
Liu, X. C., Tang, M. Q., Chen, K., Hu, L., & Wang, A. Z. (1995). Comparing SDS with CES-D among undergraduate students. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 9, 19–20 Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. Jr (2008). The five-factor theory of personality . In John, O. P., Robins, R. W. & Pervin, L. A. (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (3rd Ed., pp. 159–180). New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T Jr. (1991). Adding Liebe und Arbeit: The full five-factor model and well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 227–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014616729101700217 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pérez-Dueñas, C., Acosta, A., & Lupiáñez, J. (2009). Attentional capture and trait anxiety: Evidence from inhibition of return. Journal of anxiety disorders, 23, 782–790.Google Scholar
Posner, M. I., Inhoff, A. W., Friedrich, F. J., & Cohen, A. (1987). Isolating attentional systems: A cognitive-anatomical analysis. Psychobiology, 15, 107–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Posner, M. L., & Petersen, S. E. (1990). The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 13, 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ne.13.030190.000325 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prehn, K., Heekeren, H. R., Blasek, K., Lapschies, K., Mews, I., & van der Meer, E. (2008). Neuroticism influences pupillary responses during an emotional interference task. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 70, 40–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.04.006 Google Scholar
Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385–401.Google Scholar
Reed, M. A., & Derryberry, D. (1995). Temperament and attention to positive and negative trait information. Personality and Individual Differences, 18, 135–147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)00121-8 Google Scholar
Roberts, B. W., Wood, D., & Caspi, A. (2008). The development of personality traits in adulthood Handbook of personality: Theory and research (3rd Ed., pp. 375–398). New York, NY: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Ross, C. E., & Mirowsky, J. (1984). Components of depressed mood in married men and women the center for epidemiologic studies' depression scale. American Journal of Epidemiology, 119, 997–1004.Google Scholar
Rusting, C. L. (1998). Personality, mood, and cognitive processing of emotional information: Three conceptual frameworks. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 165–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.165 Google Scholar
Rusting, C. L. (1999). Interactive effects of personality and mood on emotion-congruent memory and judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1073–1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.77.5.1073 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tellegen, A. (1985). Structures of mood and personality and their relevance to assessing anxiety, with an emphasis on self-report. In Tuma, A. H. & Maser, J. D. (Eds.), Anxiety and the anxiety disorders (pp. 681–706). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.Google Scholar
Wallace, J. F., & Newman, J. P. (1998). Neuroticism and the facilitation of the automatic orienting of attention. Personality and Individual Differences, 24, 253–266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(97)00153-0 Google Scholar
Wang, K., Hoosain, R., Lee, T. M., Meng, Y., Fu, J., & Yang, R. (2006). Perception of six basic emotional facial expressions by the Chinese. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37, 623–629. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022106290481 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y., & Luo, Y. J. (2005). Standardization and assessment of college students' facial expression of emotion. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 13, 396–398.Google Scholar
Waters, A. M., Henry, J., Mogg, K., Bradley, B. P., & Pine, D. S. (2010). Attentional bias towards angry faces in childhood anxiety disorders. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 41, 158–164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2009.12.001 Google Scholar
Watson, D., Wiese, D., Vaidya, J., & Tellegen, A. (1999). The two general activation systems of affect: Structural findings, evolutionary considerations, and psychobiological evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 820–838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.76.5.820 Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., & Huang, X. T. (2008). Development of Self-supporting Personality Scale for Adolescent Students. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 40, 593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1041.2008.00593 Google Scholar
Xia, L. X. (2010). The law and shaping of self-supporting. Hefei, China: Anhui Education Press.Google Scholar
Xia, L. X. (2011). Self-supporting personality and psychosomatic symptoms: The testing of trait-stress-symptom congruence and mediating model. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 43, 650–660.Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., & Ding, C. (2011). The relationship between interpersonal traits and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: Analyses from Wenchuan earthquake adolescent survivors in China. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 24, 487–490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.20655 Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., Ding, C., Hollon, S. D., & Fan, Q. (2012). The relationship between interpersonal self-support and depression: A longitudinal study. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 31, 835–851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2012.31.8.835 Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., Ding, C., Hollond, S. D., & Wan, L. (2013). Self-supporting personality and psychological symptoms: The mediating effects of stress and social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 408–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.10.011 Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., Gao, X., Wang, Q., & Hollon, S. D. (2014). The relations between interpersonal self-support traits and emotion regulation strategies: A longitudinal study. Journal of Adolescence, 37, 779–786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.05.007 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xia, L. X., & Huang, X. T. (2009). The reliability and validity of the Self-Support Personality Scale for Adolescent Students. Psychological Science (Chinese), 32, 952–954.Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., Huang, X. T., Wan, L., & Yang, H. S. (2011). Self-supporting personality and practical problem solving. Psychological Development and Education, 27, 52–58.Google Scholar
Xia, L. X., Liu, J., Ding, C., Hollond, S. D., Shao, B. T., & Zhang, Q. (2012). The relation of self-supporting personality, enacted social support, and perceived social support. Personality and Individual Differences, 52, 156–160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xia, L. X., Wan, L., Song, Y., & Yang, Y. L. (2011). The relationship between interpersonal self-support and depression. Acta Psychologica Sinic, 43, 1175–1184.Google Scholar
Yuan, J., He, Y., Lei, Y., Yang, J., & Li, H. (2009). Event-related potential correlates of the extraverts' sensitivity to valence changes in positive stimuli. NeuroReport, 20, 1071–1076.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zung, W. W. K. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008 Google Scholar