Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T02:33:15.964Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Scale and Context: Approaches to the Study of Canadian Migration Patterns in the Nineteenth Century

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 January 2016

Randy William Widdis*
Affiliation:
University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewa, S4S oA2

Extract

Picture, if you will, a little Methodist church in a rural setting. The year is 1890. It is the first day in January. Saturday afternoon. The church bell peals a welcome to family and friends celebrating the marriage of John Albert Salsbury and Alberta Effa Edgar. Some arrive on foot and others in horse-drawn vehicles. The horses are tied to the hitching-post and left to munch oats from their feed bags.

The people enter the church, and the minister greets each by name. A good turnout. Camden East is a close-knit community, and yet the preacher notes sadly that the congregation is getting smaller every year. Soft organ music plays as the people take their places. Then all becomes quiet: a short lull before the Wedding March begins. Everyone turns around to look at the smiling bride being led down the aisle by her proud father.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Social Science History Association 1988 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barkan, E. (1980) “French Canadians,” in Thernstrom, S., Orlov, A., and Handlin, O. (eds.) Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Berthoff, R. (1953) British Immigrants in Industrial America. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Boyd’s Directories of Watertown, 1851-1970. Watertown: Boyd and Company.Google Scholar
Brookes, A. (1978) “The Exodus: Migration from the Maritime Provinces to Boston during the second half of the nineteenth century.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of New Brunswick.Google Scholar
Coats, R. H. (1937) “Two good neighbours: A study of exchange of populations.” Proceedings, Canadian-American Affairs Conference, Kingston: 116117.Google Scholar
Conzen, K. A. (1976) Immigrant Milwaukee, 1836-1860: Accommodation and Community in a Frontier City. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Foster’s Directories of Kingston, 1894-1910. Toronto: J. G. Foster and Company.Google Scholar
Gagan, D. (1976) “Geographical and social mobility in nineteenth century Ontario: A microstudy.” Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 13 (2): 152164.Google Scholar
Gavit, J. P. (1922) Americans by Choice. New York: Americanization Studies Series.Google Scholar
Grigg, D. B. (1977) “E. G. Ravenstein and the laws of migration.” Journal of Historical Geography 3 (1): 4154.Google Scholar
Hareven, T. and Langenbach, R. (1978) Amoskeag: Life and Work in an American Factory City. New York: Pantheon Books.Google Scholar
Harris, R. and Moore, E. G. (1980) “An historical approach to the study of migration.Professional Geographer 32 (1): 2229.Google Scholar
Hudson, J. (1976) “Migration to an American frontier.” Annals, Association of American Geographers 66 (2): 242265.Google Scholar
Kalbach, W. E. and McVey, Wayne W. (1971) The Demographic Bases of Canadian Society. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Co. of Canada, Ltd.Google Scholar
Katz, M. B. (1975) The People of Hamilton, Canada West. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Keffer, M. (1978) “Migration to and from Ontario/Michigan.” Families 17 (4): 185197.Google Scholar
Kocolowski, G. P. (1981) “Alternatives to record linkage in the study of urban migration: The uses of naturalization records.” Historical Methods 14 (3): 139142.Google Scholar
Lawton, R. (1979) “Mobility in nineteenth century British cities.” Geographical Journal 145 (2): 206224.Google Scholar
Lee, E. S. (1966) “A Theory of migration.” Demography 3: 47-57.Google Scholar
Mendels, F. (1976) “Social mobility and phases of industrialization.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 2 (3): 193216.Google Scholar
Percy, M. (1977) “Migration flows during the decade of the wheat boom in Canada, 1900-1910: A neoclassical analysis.” Ph.D. dissertation, Queen’s University.Google Scholar
Pioneer Life on the Bay of Quinte (1904). Toronto: Rolph and Clarke Limited, reprinted in Canadiana Series, No. 20 (1972). Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Company.Google Scholar
Ravenstein, E. G. (1876) “Census of the British Isles, 1871”; “Birthplaces and migration.” Geographical Magazine 3:173177, 201-206, 229-233.Google Scholar
Ravenstein, E. G. (1885) “The Laws of migration.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 48: 167227.Google Scholar
Ravenstein, E. G. (1889) “The Laws of migration.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society 52:214301.Google Scholar
Sayer, R. A. (1977) “Gravity models and spatial autocorrelation, or Atrophy in urban and regional modelling.” Area 9 (3): 183189.Google Scholar
Stouffer, S. (1940) “Intervening opportunities: A theory relating mobility and distance.” American Sociological Review 5 (6): 845867.Google Scholar
Thernstrom, S. (1973) The Other Bostonians: Poverty and Progress in the American Metropolis, 1880-1970. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
U.S. Bureau of the Census (1882) 10th Census of the United States, 1880. Vols. 1 and 2. Washington: Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Vedder, R. and Galloway, L. (1970) “Settlement patterns of Canadian emigrants to the United States, 1850-1960.Canadian Journal of Economics 3: 477486.Google Scholar
Vicero, R. (1971) “French Canadian settlement in Vermont prior to the Civil War.” Professional Geographer 23 (4): 290294.Google Scholar
White, P. and Woods, R. (1980) “Spatial patterns of migration flows,” in White, P. and Woods, R. (eds.) The Geographical Impact of Migration. London: Longmans.Google Scholar
Widdis, R. (1982) “Pioneer, life on the Bay of Quinte: An evaluation of genealogical source data in the study of migration.” Canadian Geographer 26 (3): 273282.Google Scholar
Widdis, R. (1984) “With scarcely a ripple: The eastern Ontarian immigrant experi ence in northern New York at the turn of the century,” Ph.D. dissertation, Queen’s University.Google Scholar
Widdis, R. (1987) “With scarcely a ripple: English Canadians in northern New York State at the beginning of the twentieth century.Journal of Historical Geography 13 (2): 169192.Google Scholar
Woods, R. (1982) Theoretical Population Geography. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Yans-McLaughlin, V. (1970) “Like the fingers of the hand: The family and community life of the first generation Italian-Americans in Buffalo, New York, 1880-1930,” Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Buffalo.Google Scholar