Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T17:25:14.592Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Seed longevity and physical dormancy break of two endemic species of Dimorphandra from Brazilian biodiversity hotspots

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2017

Miele T. Matheus ,
Ailton G. Rodrigues-Junior ,
Denise M.T. Oliveira  and
Queila S. Garcia
Miele T. Matheus
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Ailton G. Rodrigues-Junior
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Denise M.T. Oliveira
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Queila S. Garcia*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
*
*Correspondence Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Seed longevity is dependent on seed traits and storage conditions. This study evaluated the seed longevity and physical dormancy (PY)-break of two species of Dimorphandra endemic to Brazilian biodiversity hotspots. Longevity was tested in situ, by burying seeds in their natural habitats (12 months), and ex situ, by storage in a cold chamber (5°C; 24 months). Seeds were taken at regular intervals to assess germinability at 30°C (12 h photoperiod) using intact and scarified seeds. Intact seeds (freshly collected, and after 12 months storage) were analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The germinability of freshly collected seeds of both species reached approximately 10% for intact seeds and >85% for scarified seeds. Cold storage maintained seed viability in both species, and broke dormancy for 35% of D. wilsonii seeds. After 12 months, only 55% (for D. exaltata) and 41% (for D. wilsonii) of the buried seeds were recovered; more than 90% of which remained viable in both species. Seeds gradually overcame PY during burial, with a higher germination increase for D. wilsonii (71%) than D. exaltata (32%). Dimorphandra exaltata seeds did not show clear structural changes after cold storage although D. wilsonii seeds evidently experience an increase in the depth of fracture lines. Burial promoted deep seed coat changes in both species, more intense in D. wilsonii, indicating that temperature and humidity variations throughout the year are among the main factors releasing Dimorphandra seeds from PY. The seeds of both studied species overcame PY during burial and are able to form small persistent soil seed banks.

Keywords

Atlantic ForestCerradoscanning electron microscopyseed burialseed germinationsoil seed bank
Type
Research Papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 27 , Issue 3 , September 2017 , pp. 199 - 205
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

†

In memoriam

References

Bakker, J.P., Poschlod, P., Strykstra, R.J., Bekker, R.M. and Thompson, K. (1996) Seed banks and seed dispersal: important topics in restoration ecology. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 45, 461–490.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baskin, C.C. (2003) Breaking physical dormancy in seeds – focusing on the lens. New Phytologist 158, 229–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. (2014) Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. San Diego: Elsevier/Academic Press.Google Scholar
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (2000) Evolutionary considerations of claims for physical dormancy-break by microbial action and abrasion by soil particles. Seed Science Research 10, 409–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baskin, J.M., Baskin, C.C. and Li, X. (2000) Taxonomy, anatomy and evolution of physical dormancy in seeds. Plant Species Biology 15, 139–152.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delgado, C.M.L., Paula, A.S., Santos, M. and Paulilo, M.T.S. (2015) Dormancy-breaking requirements of Sophora tomentosa and Erythrina speciosa (Fabaceae) seeds. Revista de Biología Tropical 63, 285–294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Escobar, D.F. and Cardoso, V.J.M. (2015) Longevity of seeds and soil seed bank of the Cerrado tree Miconia chartacea (Melastomataceae). Seed Science Research 25, 386–394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fenner, M. and Thompson, K. (2005) The Ecology of Seeds Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernandes, F.M. and Rego, J.O. (2014) Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizzini (Fabaceae): distribution, habitat and conservation status. Acta Botanica Brasilica 28, 434–444.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foster, S.A. (1986). On the adaptive value of large seeds for tropical moist forest trees: a review and synthesis. The Botanical Review 52, 260–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geneve, R.L. (2009) Physical seed dormancy in selected caesalpinioid legumes from eastern North America. Propagation of Ornamental Plants 9, 129–134.Google Scholar
Hu, X.W., Wang, Y.R., Wu, Y.P. and Baskin, C.C. (2009) Role of the lens in controlling water uptake in seeds of two Fabaceae (Papilionoideae) species treated with sulphuric acid and hot water. Seed Science Research 19, 73–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) (2015) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, version 2015-4. Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org (accessed 19 November 2015).Google Scholar
Jaganathan, G.K., Wu, G.R., Han, Y-Y. and Liu, B.L. (2017) Role of the lens in controlling physical dormancy break and germination of Delonix regia (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae). Plant Biology 19, 53–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jayasuriya, K.M.G.G., Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (2008) Cycling of sensitivity to physical dormancy-break in seeds of Ipomoea lacunosa (Convolvulaceae) and ecological significance. Annals of Botany 101, 341–352.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jayasuriya, K.M.G.G., Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. (2009a). Sensitivity cycling and its ecological role in seeds with physical dormancy. Seed Science Research 19, 3–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jayasuriya, K.M.G.G., Baskin, J.M., Genev,e, R.L. and Baskin, C.C. (2009b) Sensitivity cycling and mechanism of physical dormancy break in seeds of Ipomoea hederacea (Convolvulaceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences 170, 429–443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klink, C.A. and Machado, R.B. (2005) Conservation of the Brazilian Cerrado. Conservation Biology 19, 707–713.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lersten, N.R., Gunn, C.R. and Brubaker, C.L. (1992) Comparative morphology of the lens on legume (Fabaceae) seeds, with emphasis on species in subfamilies Caesalpinioideae and Mimosoideae. US Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 1971, 1–44.Google Scholar
Lopes, J.C. and Matheus, M.T. (2008) Caracterização morfológica de sementes, plântulas e da germinação de Dimorphandra wilsonii Rizz. – faveiro-de-wilson (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae). Revista Brasileira de Sementes 30, 96–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marchante, H., Freitas, H. and Hoffmann, J.H. (2010) Seed ecology of an invasive alien species, Acacia longifolia (Fabaceae), in Portuguese dune ecosystems. American Journal of Botany 97, 1780–1790.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marques, A.R., Costa, C.F., Atman, A.P.F. and Garcia, Q.S. (2014). Germination characteristics and seedbank of the alien species Leucaena leucocephala (Fabaceae) in Brazilian forest: ecological implications. Weed Research 54, 576–583.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, R.E., Miller, R.L. and Cushwa, C.T. (1975) Germination response of legume seeds subjected to moist and dry heat. Ecology 56, 1441–1445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrison, D.A., McClay, K., Porter, C. and Rish, S. (1998) The role of the lens in controlling heat-induced breakdown of testa-imposed dormancy in native Australian legumes. Annals of Botany 82, 35–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Myers, N., Mittermeier, R.A., Mittermeier, C.G., Fonseca, G.A.B. and Kent, J. (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403, 853–858.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paula, A.S., Delgado, C.M.L., Paulilo, M.T.S. and Santos, M. (2012) Breaking physical dormancy of Cassia leptophylla and Senna macranthera (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) seeds: water absorption and alternating temperatures. Seed Science Research 22, 259–267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodrigues-Junior, A.G., Faria, J.M.R., Vaz, T.A.A., Nakamura, A.T. and José, A.C. (2014) Physical dormancy in Senna multijuga (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) seeds: the role of seed structures in water uptake. Seed Science Research 24, 147–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robards, A.W. (1978) An introduction to techniques for scanning electron microscopy of plant cells, pp. 343–403 in Hall, J.L. (ed), Electron Microscopy and Cytochemistry of Plant Cells. New York, NY: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Rolston, M.P. (1978) Water impermeable seed dormancy. The Botanical Review 44, 365–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAEG (2007) Sistema para Análises Estatísticas. Fundação Arthur Bernardes – UFV, Viçosa.Google Scholar
Salazar, A., Goldstein, G., Franco, A.C. and Miralles-Wilhelm, F. (2011) Timing of seed dispersal and dormancy, rather than persistent soil seed-banks, control seedling recruitment of woody plants in Neotropical savannas. Seed Science Research 21, 103–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva, M.F. (1986) Dimorphandra (Caesalpiniaceae). Flora Neotropica Monographs 44, 1–128.Google Scholar
Silva, J.M.C. and Bates, J.M. (2002) Biogeographic patterns and conservation in the South American Cerrado: a tropical savanna hotspot. Bioscience 52, 225–233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skoglund, J. (1992). The role of seed banks in vegetation dynamics and restoration of dry tropical ecosystems. Journal of Vegetation Science 3, 357–360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SOS Mata Atlântica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) (2014) Atlas dos remanescentes florestais da Mata Atlântica, período 2012–2013. Available at: https://www.sosma.org.br/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/atlas_2012-2013_relatorio_tecnico_20141.pdf (accessed 28 June 2017).Google Scholar
Souza, T.V., Voltolini, C.H., Santos, M. and Paulilo, M.T.S. (2012) Water absorption and dormancy-breaking requirements of physically dormant seeds of Schizolobium parahyba (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae). Seed Science Research 22, 169–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, G.B. (2005) Hardseedness in Mediterranean annual pasture legumes in Australia: a review. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, 645–661.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, K. (2000) The functional ecology of soil seed banks, pp. 215–235 in Fenner, M. (ed), Seeds: The Ecology of Regeneration in Plant communities, 2nd edition. Wallingford, UK: CABI Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Assche, J.A., Debucquoy, K.L.A. and Rommens, W.A.F. (2003) Seasonal cycles in the germination capacity of buried seeds of some Leguminosae (Fabaceae). New Phytologist 158, 315–323.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Klinken, R.D. and Flack, L. (2005) Wet heat as a mechanism for dormancy release and germination of seeds with physical dormancy. Weed Science 53, 663–669.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Mourik, T.A., Stomph, T.J. and Murdoch, A.J. (2005) Why high seed densities within buried mesh bags may overestimate depletion rates of soil seed banks. Journal of Applied Ecology 42, 229–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vázquez-Yanes, C. and Orozco-Segovia, A. (1993) Patterns of seed longevity and germination in the tropical rainforest. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 24, 69–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar