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Missing pieces in protein deposition and mobilization inside legume seed storage vacuoles: calcium and magnesium ions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2012

Cláudia N. Santos ,
Marta M. Alves ,
Isabel T. Bento  and
Ricardo B. Ferreira
Cláudia N. Santos
Affiliation:
Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2781-901Oeiras, Portugal
Marta M. Alves
Affiliation:
Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2781-901Oeiras, Portugal
Isabel T. Bento
Affiliation:
Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2781-901Oeiras, Portugal
Ricardo B. Ferreira*
Affiliation:
Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apartado 127, 2781-901Oeiras, Portugal Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, 1349-017Lisboa, Portugal
*
*Correspondence Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

During the maturation of dicotyledonous seeds, organic carbon, nitrogen and sulphur are stored in protein storage vacuoles (PSVs) as storage globulins. Several studies point to the coexistence of storage proteins with proteases responsible for their degradation inside PSVs. Different mechanisms have been proposed to explain why there is no proteolysis during this period. Protein aggregation to form large supramolecular structures resistant to proteolytic attack could be the reason. However, during germination, and particularly following its completion, the globulin aggregates must undergo disintegration to allow protease attack for protein reserve mobilization. Based on the well-described concentration-dependent ability of Ca2+ and Mg2+ to promote in vitro aggregation and disaggregation of globulins, we explored a possible role for these alkaline earth cations in globulin packaging and mobilization. Ca2+ and Mg2+ measurements in purified PSVs [6.37 μmol and 43.9 μmol g− 1 dry weight (DW) of cotyledons, respectively] showed the presence of these two alkaline earth cations within this compartment. To our knowledge, this is the first time that Ca2+ and Mg2+ have been quantified in purified PSVs from Lupinus albus seeds. Considering the importance of these two alkaline earth cations inside PSVs, which represent 14.6% and 60.7% of the total seed Mg2+and Ca2+, respectively, globulin aggregation and disaggregation profiles were assayed using experimental conditions closer to those that are physiologically present (proportion of Ca2+ and Mg2+, and acidic pH). Based on: (1) the high in vivo abundance of Ca2+ and Mg2+ inside PSVs; and (2) globulin aggregation and disaggregation profiles, together with structural and physiological evidence already reported in the literature, an important physiological role for Ca2+ and Mg2+ in globulin packaging and mobilization inside PSVs is suggested.

Keywords

calciumglobulin aggregation-disaggregationLupinus albusmagnesiumprotein storage vacuoles
Type
Research Papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 22 , Issue 4 , December 2012 , pp. 249 - 258
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

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