Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T10:58:05.026Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A tradition in crisis: understanding and repairing division over homosexuality in the Church of Scotland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 April 2016

Liam J. Fraser*
Affiliation:
University of [email protected]

Abstract

Like many Western churches, the Church of Scotland has been divided in recent years over the ordination of gay clergy in committed relationships, and, more generally, over the status of homosexuality for Christian ethics. Yet there has been no academic research undertaken which situates the debate within the wider context of Scottish theology. This failure has resulted in theological and ecclesial impasse, which this paper seeks to remedy through a diagnostic analysis of division over homosexuality, drawing upon the analytic tools developed by R. G. Collingwood. While this article has as its focus the Church of Scotland, its method and conclusions will be relevant to other Protestant denominations, especially Reformed churches such as the Presbyterian Church (USA).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 While these positions do not exhaust the range of opinion within the Kirk, their dominance in General Assembly reports makes an objective assessment of each position imperative if the debate is to be opened to more fruitful alternatives.

2 Collingwood, R. G., An Essay on Metaphysics (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1969).Google Scholar

3 Vanhoozer, Cf. K., The Drama of Doctrine (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 2005), p. 121.Google Scholar

4 Reports to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland (Edinburgh: Church of Scotland, 1994–2013), by the Panel on Doctrine (= 1994a), p. 261, by the Board of Social Responsibility (= 1994b), p. 283; Panel on Doctrine (1995), pp. 232–3; Special Commission (2011), pp. 23/26. Further references to these reports give the date of presentation and page reference, and are included in the main text.

5 For the background to the debate, see Macdonald, F. A. J., Confidence in a Changing Church (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press, 2004), pp. 147–52.Google Scholar

6 McGrath, Cf. Alister, The Intellectual Origins of the European Reformation (London: Blackwell, 2004), pp. 4457, 153–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

7 Holder, R. W., John Calvin and the Grounding of Interpretation (Leiden: Brill, 2006), pp. 128–9.Google Scholar

8 Steinmetz, D. C., ‘John Calvin as an Interpreter of the Bible’, in McKim, D. K. (ed.), Calvin and the Bible (Cambridge: CUP, 2006), p. 285.Google Scholar

9 Holder, Grounding of Interpretation, p. 131.

10 Drummond, A. L. and Bulloch, J., The Scottish Church 1688–1843 (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press, 1973), pp. 4951.Google Scholar

11 Bebbington, D. W., Evangelicalism in Modern Britain (London and New York: Routledge, 1989), pp. 119.Google Scholar

12 Torrance, T. F., Scottish Theology (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1996), pp. 130146, 243, 287–9.Google Scholar

13 Drummond, A. L. and Bulloch, J., The Church in Late Victorian Scotland 1874–1900 (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press, 1978), pp. 215–6, 290.Google Scholar

14 See Haldane, R., The Evidence and Authority of Divine Revelation (Edinburgh: A. Balfour, 1816).Google Scholar

15 Drummond, A. L. and Bulloch, J., The Church in Victorian Scotland 1843–1874 (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press, 1975), pp. 252–5.Google Scholar

16 See e.g. Bannerman, J., Prevalent Forms of Unbelief (Edinburgh: W. P. Kennedy, 1849), pp. 23–4.Google Scholar

17 Riesen, R. A., ‘Higher Criticism in the Free Church Fathers’, Records of the Scottish Church History Society 20 (1980), p. 120.Google Scholar

18 Cheyne, A. C., ‘The Bible and Change in the Nineteenth Century’, in Wright, D. F. (ed.), The Bible in Scottish Life and Literature (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press, 1988), pp. 202–5.Google Scholar

19 See Cheyne, A. C., The Transforming of the Kirk (Edinburgh: St Andrew Press, 1983), pp. 194–5.Google Scholar

20 For a picture of the age, see Rawlins, C., William Barclay (London: Harper Collins, 1998), pp. 40–8.Google Scholar

21 McLeod, H., The Religious Crisis of the 1960s (Oxford: OUP, 2010), pp. 99100.Google Scholar

22 Bebbington, Evangelicalism, pp. 252–3.

23 Murray, D., Freedom to Reform (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1993), p. 119.Google Scholar

24 Article I of the Articles Declaratory of the Church of Scotland. See Cox, J. T., Practice and Procedure in the Church of Scotland (Edinburgh: William Blackwood, 1964), pp. 366–8.Google Scholar

25 Fergusson, D. A. S., ‘Response to Douglas Murray’, in Fergusson, D. A. S. and Shaw, D. W. D. (eds), The Future of the Kirk (St Andrews: St Mary's College, 1997), p. 51.Google Scholar

26 O'Donovan, O., A Conversation Waiting to Begin (Edinburgh: SCM Press, 2009), pp. 117.Google Scholar

27 Brown, C. G., Religion and Society in Scotland since 1707 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997), pp. 196204.Google Scholar

28 See W. Storrar, ‘Understanding the Silent Disruption’, in Future of the Kirk, pp. 21–36; and Brown, Religion and Society, pp. 166–70.

29 Reid, H., Outside Verdict (Edinburgh: St Andrew Press, 2002), pp. 197201Google Scholar; Denniston, J., ‘The Last Taboo?’, in Mallon, S. (ed.), Inside Verdict (Edinburgh: Scottish Churches Press, 2003), pp. 3743 at 38–9.Google Scholar