Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-g8jcs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T21:44:42.720Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Free Will: Responsibility and ‘Free Will’

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2010

Extract

As a rule we treat people as responsible for what they do. We admonish them if they behave badly, praise them if they do well. We punish people. And we reward them.

There are exceptions, of course. For example, we do not punish someone for doing something he has been compelled to do, perhaps by having a gun in his back. And we even recognize such a thing as psychological compulsion, as in the case of kleptomania.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Philosophy and the contributors 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Notes

1 Hobbes, T., Leviathan (London: Dent, 1914).Google Scholar

2 Locke, J., An Essay Concerning Human Understanding, Nidditch, P. H. (ed.) (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975).Google Scholar

3 Locke, , op. cit. III, ii, i.Google Scholar

4 Pohlenz, M., Die Stoa (Gottinghen: Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, 1959)Google Scholar; Long, A. A., Problems in Stoicism (London: Athlone, 1971).Google Scholar

5 Descartes, R., The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, tr. Cottingham, J., Stoothoff, R. and Murdoch, D. (Cambridge University Press, 1985), 343.Google Scholar

6 Descartes, , op. cit. 205.Google Scholar

7 Plato, , The Collected Dialogues of Plato, Hamilton, E. and Cairns, H. (eds) (New York: Pantheon, 1961).Google Scholar

8 Ibid.

9 Chisholm, R. M., ‘Human Freedom and the Self’, in Watson, G. (ed.) Free Will (Oxford University Press, 1982)Google Scholar; Davidson, D., ‘Agency’, in D. Davidson, Essays on Actions and Events (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980)Google Scholar; Kolnai, A., ‘Agency and Freedom’, in Vesey, G. (ed.), The Human Agent, Royal Institute of Philosophy Lectures, Vol. 1, 1966/7 (London: Macmillan), 2046 Google Scholar; Taylor, R., Action and Purpose (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1966)Google Scholar; Thalberg, I., ‘Do We Cause Our Own Actions?, Analysis 27 (1967), 196201 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Yolton, J., ‘Agent Causality’, American Philosophical Quarterly 3 (1966), 1426.Google Scholar

10 Aristotle, , The Basic Works of Aristotle Google Scholar, edited and with an introduction by R. McKeon (New York: Random House, 1941).

11 Danto, A., ‘What We Can Do’, Journal of Philosophy 60 (1963), 435445 CrossRefGoogle Scholar; ‘Basic Actions’, American Philosophical Quarterly 2 (1965), 141148 Google Scholar; Brand, M., ‘Danto on Basic Actions’, Nous (1968)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Stoutland, F., ‘Basic Actions and Causality’, Journal of Philosophy 65 (1968), 467475.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

12 James, W., The Principles of Psychology (London: Macmillan, 1891).Google Scholar

13 Descartes, , op. cit. II, 113114.Google Scholar

14 James, , op. cit. II, 560.Google Scholar

15 Descartes, , op. cit. I, 315, 341, 343345.Google Scholar

16 Descartes, , op. cit. I, 206.Google Scholar

17 Ibid.

18 Kenny, A. (tr. and ed.), Descartes: Philosophical Letters (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970), 94.Google Scholar

19 Descartes, , op. cit. II, 39.Google Scholar

20 Hume, D., ‘An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding’, in Hume's Enquiries, Selby-Bigge, L. A. (ed.), with revisions by P. H. Nidditch (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1975), 82.Google Scholar

21 Hartley, D., Observations on Man, His Frame, His Duty and His Expectations (Hildesheim: Ohms, 1967).Google Scholar

22 Hume, D., A Treatise of Human Nature, 2nd edn, Selby-Bigge, L. A. (ed.), revised by P. H. Nidditch (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978), I, i, 4.Google Scholar

23 Hartley, D., op. cit.Google Scholar

24 Mill, J. S., A System of Logic: Ratiocinative and Inductive, Robson, (ed.), in Collected Works of John Stuart Mill (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1974), VI, ii, 1.Google Scholar

25 Ibid. VI, ii, 2.

26 Ibid. VI, ii, 3.

27 Tucker, A., The Light of Nature Pursued (London: Thomas Tegg, 1837), I, 3940.Google Scholar

28 Huxley, T. H., ‘On the Hypothesis that Animals are Automata, and its History’, in Huxley, T. H., Collected Essays, Vol. I, Methods and Results (London: Macmillan, 1912), 240, 243244.Google Scholar