Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2009
In current ethical theory we have been getting two second-order phenomena, each a rebound from a first-order phenomenon.
The first-order phenomena, though with partly the same prompting, come from totally different fields and are miles apart. Even so, a main point of this paper is that the sets of second-order phenomena, rebounding from widely different data, may be tending to converge and, taken radically, may be saying the same thing.
1 Haines, Charles Groves, The Revival of Natural Law Concepts (Cambridge, Mass., 1930), pp. 77–79Google Scholar.
2 Fuller, Lon L., The Law in Quest of Itself (Chicago, 1940)Google Scholar.
3 d'Entrèves, A. P., Natural Law: An introduction to legal philosophy (London and New York, 1951)Google Scholar; Strauss, Leo, Natural Right and History (Chicago, 1953)Google Scholar; Maritain, , The Rights of Man and Natural Law (New York, 1943)Google Scholar, and Man and the State (Chicago, 1951)Google Scholar; Hallowell, , The Moral Foundation of Democracy (Chicago, 1954)Google Scholar; SirBarker, Ernest, Traditions of Civility (Cambridge, 1943)Google Scholar.
4 Stumpf, Samuel E.. “Theology and Jurisprudence”, The Christian Scholar, XL (1957), 169–193Google Scholar; the quotation is on pp. 170–171.
5 Lewis, C. S., The Abolition of Man (New York, 1947), pp. 8–11Google Scholar; cf. pp. 51–61 for illustrations of “the Tao”.
6 Rommen, Heinrich A., The Natural Law (St. Louis, 1947)Google Scholar.
7 Lottin, Odon, Le droit naturel chez Saint Thomas d'Aquin et ses prédécesseurs (Bruges, 1931)Google Scholar.
8 Russell, Robert, The Natural Law in the Philosophy of Thomas Hobbes (Villanova, 1939)Google Scholar; Stanlis, Peter J., Edmund Burke and the Natural Law (Ann Arbor, 1958)Google Scholar.
9 Kelsen, Hans, General Theory of Law and State (Cambridge, Mass, 1945), pp. 394, 26, 5Google Scholar.
10 Cf. Ward, Leo R., “Nature as Law”, Ethics, LVII (1957), 295–300Google Scholar.
11 The volumes are available at the University Press, Notre Dame, Ind.; and the Forum at the Notre Dame Law School.
12 Robinson, F. B., Journal of Social Philosophy, II (1937), 172–178Google Scholar.
13 Wolf, Eric, “Revolution or Evolution in Gustav Radbruch's Legal Philosophy”, Natural Law Forum, III (1958), 1–23Google Scholar.
14 Radbruch, Gustav, Rechtsphilosophie (Fourth and final edition, Stuttgart, 1950), pp. 352–355. These pages by Radbruch are in the Appendix and are no part of the original workGoogle Scholar.
15 Radbruch, Gustav, “Die Erneuerung des Rechts”, Die Wandlung, II (1947), 9Google Scholar.
16 Katz, Wilber, “Natural Law and Human Nature”, The Chicago Law School Record, III, no. 3Google Scholar.
17 Fuller, Lon L., “American Legal Philosophy at Mid-Century”, Journal of Legal Education, VI (1953–1954), 472–3Google Scholar. Fuller is a pragmatist and Deweyite, though with the differences that he affirms natural law—and therefore affirms nature in man—and that he affirms ends that genuinely are ends; but seemingly— ibid., and “Human Purpose and Natural Law”, Journal of Philosophy, LVI (1956), 697 ff.Google Scholar, he is trying to skip the fact that some ends are set for man by nature.
18 Maritain, Jacques, The Rights of Man and Natural Law (New York, 1943), pp. 60–61Google Scholar. Cf. Maritain, , Man and the State (Chicago, 1951), pp. 85–89Google Scholar.
19 Wild, John, Plato's Modern Enemies and the Theory of Natural Law (Chicago, 1953), p. 174Google Scholar.
20 In this connection, it is interesting to see how committed to natural law is the thought of Romanell, Patrick in Toward a Critical Naturalism (New York, 1958), especially pp. 5–7, 12–13Google Scholar, and how unaware Romanell is of the commitment.
21 Citations from Kluckhohn, Clyde are from his article, “Ethical Relativism: Sic et Non”, Journal of Philosophy, LII (11. 10, 1955), 663–677CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
22 Linton, Ralph, “Universal Ethical Principles: an Anthropological View”, in Moral Principles of Action: Man's Ethical Imperative, edited by Anshen, Ruth Nanda (New York, 1952)Google Scholar.
23 Herskovits, Melville J., Man and His Work; The Science of Cultural Anthropology (New York, 1948), pp. 63–64, 68Google Scholar. Bidney, David, Theoretical Anthropology (Columbia, 1953)Google Scholar. Herskovits did not help his case in the tiny footnote he appended to the revised and more popular edition of his work, Cultural Anthropology (New York, 1955), p. 366Google Scholar, where he did not appear to grasp what Bidney had said.
24 MacBeath, A., Experiments in Living. Gifford Lectures at St. Andrews, 1948–49 (London, 1952), pp. 16–17, 436Google Scholar.
25 SirZimmern, Alfred, “The Decline of International Standards”, International Affairs, XVII (1935), 9Google Scholar; and Perry, Charner, “Objective Value Judgments”, International Journal of Ethics, XLIII (1933), 133Google Scholar.