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Sustainable development goals and sleep: an integrative review of sleep health disparities and social, economic, and environmental sustainability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024

A response to the following question: How do psychosocial and cultural factors influence sleep and circadian health disparities?

Michael Jackson Oliveira de Andrade Open the ORCID record for Michael Jackson Oliveira de Andrade [Opens in a new window]
Michael Jackson Oliveira de Andrade*
Affiliation:
Neuroscience, Chronobiology, and Sleep Psychology Laboratory, State University of Minas Gerais, UEMG, Brazil
*
Corresponding author: Michael Jackson Oliveira de Andrade; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Sleep is a topic of scientific and technological relevance, as it is closely related to cognition, emotional well-being, and human health. In addition, health-related geopolitical and social changes have significant implications for sleep research, which in turn is linked to the sustainable development goals (SDGs). An integrative review is conducted to analyze multidisciplinary studies in the field of sleep, considering the socioecological model of sleep health and the SDGs. Sleep was found to play a key role in promoting several SDG: (1) Social and economic inclusion: sleep is linked to poverty eradication, food security, reducing inequalities, and promoting peace and justice; (2) Promoting well-being and quality of life: sleep quality directly affects health, education, gender equality, environmental protection, and combating climate change; (3) Economic and environmental sustainability: Adequate sleep contributes to decent work, innovation, infrastructure, responsible consumption, sustainable communities and collaboration through partnerships. This thematic organization provides an overview of the different aspects of the intersection between sleep health disparities and the SDG.

Keywords

sleep healthsocioecological modelsustainable development goals
Type
Impact Paper
Information
Research Directions: Sleep Psychology , Volume 1 , 2024 , e11
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

Introduction

Sleep health has a direct impact on human health, well-being, and performance. We emphasize that adequate sleep is essential for the cognitive, emotional, and physical functioning of humans throughout their lifespan. However, many people struggle with sleep-related problems, such as insomnia and chronic sleep deprivation, due to a variety of factors including hectic lifestyles, stress, and adverse environmental conditions. By promoting healthy sleep and improving our understanding of sleep-related factors, we can ensure a higher quality of life for individuals and contribute to a more sustainable future for everyone.

Sleep research plays a fundamental role in addressing socio-political and environmental challenges in accordance with the principles of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The 2030 Agenda consists of 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) that encompass a wide range of areas, including health and well-being promotion, quality education, clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, decent work and economic growth (United Nations, 2015a). A collaborative dialogue between various fields of knowledge facilitates a more profound comprehension of the factors that influence human well-being and aids in the formulation of public policies for sustainable development. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach is critical for developing innovative and sustainable solutions that guarantee long-term quality of life. Collaboration between health, environmental, political, economic, and social sciences is essential to address the complex issues of sleep health disparities and well-being worldwide.

In this text, we aim to explore the relationship between promoting sleep health and achieving the SDGs, highlighting the importance of sleep for a more sustainable future. This article discusses the role of sleep and sleep quality by defining the contributions of sleep ecology to the study and advancement of sleep quality, how to incorporate sleep into the promotion of sustainable development, and the integration of sleep science in advancing the SDGs. However, our goal is to provide information and perspectives that can foster future discussions and deepen our understanding of sleep ecology. It is important to emphasize that sleep is a constantly evolving field of research, with new discoveries and approaches being made regularly.

Sleep

Sleep is a complex process that involves more than just closing your eyes. It is an easily reversible state of reduced responsiveness and interaction with the external environment compared to the waking state (Markov and Goldman, Reference Markov and Goldman2006). Various theories attempt to explain why we sleep, including theories on energy conservation, neural reorganization, brain development, as well as evolutionary adaptation to the environment during the light-dark cycle (Brinkman et al., Reference Brinkman, Reddy and Sharma2023).

The mechanism by which sleep is generated and maintained is based on the balance between two main systems: homeostatic processes and the circadian rhythm. Homeostatic processes represent the body’s “need for sleep,” building up sleep pressure the longer a person stays awake. The circadian rhythm, in turn, is an internal biological clock that regulates the sleep-wake cycle, synchronizing it with the external environment. Together, these systems interact to ensure that sleep occurs at appropriate times and effectively, responding to both the organism’s internal needs and environmental influences. In this way, contextual characteristics of the environment, such as family dynamics, social cohesion, safety, socioeconomic status, and hunger, can shape and/or impact sleep patterns (Grandner et al., Reference Grandner, Williams, Knutson, Roberts and Jean-Louis2016). Physical characteristics, such as light, noise, traffic, and pollution, are related to sleep disturbances (Pirrera et al., Reference Pirrera, De Valck and Cluydts2014). Furthermore, it is likely that some of the neurobiological processes that occur during sleep, in interaction with the physical and social environment, may contribute to delayed sleep-related behaviors or early waking. These factors are essential for maintaining human physical and cognitive health (Johnson et al., Reference Johnson, Billings and Hale2018).

Human ecology and sleep

Sleep behavior and architecture clearly have strong biological determinants. However, sleep is embedded in socially and culturally constructed environments that define the ecology of sleep. Additionally, the diurnal pattern of sleep is shaped by a series of organizational and social characteristics that vary throughout life, including work demands, social activity schedules and rituals, status differentiation and roles, and beliefs about the nature and functions of sleep. Thus, the field of sleep ecology investigates the impact of the environment on sleep and how sleep patterns adjust to a set of physical, cultural, and biotic factors under which people sleep. The consequences of sleep deprivation on wakefulness and human survival have adapted over the course of evolution (Loftus et al., Reference Loftus, Harel, Núñez and Crofoot2022). Therefore, studying sleep allows us to understand its adaptive function, as it reflects the evolutionary trade-offs of sleep in humans and other species (Aulsebrook et al., Reference Aulsebrook, Jones, Rattenborg, Roth and Lesku2016). This approach considers the benefits and advantages that inform sleep-related decisions in various settings.

It is important to keep in mind that the study of sleep ecology is still in its infancy in the field of health sciences and is interdisciplinary in nature. However, we emphasize the socioecological relationship between sleep and its ecological aspects. For example, disturbances caused by urbanization, such as noise, light pollution, and air pollutants, have been studied for their effects on sleep patterns and overall quality of life. Studies have shown that these factors can have a negative impact on the quality and duration of sleep-in urban populations. In addition, studies have demonstrated the detrimental effects of noise on sleep quality and overall well-being (United Nations, 2015b; Loftus et al., Reference Loftus, Harel, Núñez and Crofoot2022). Frequent exposure to aircraft, road, highway, and railroad noise has been associated with an increased incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, as well as cognitive impairment (Hughes & Jones, Reference Hughes and Jones2003).

Promoting sustainability by incorporating sleep into sustainable development

The socio-ecological model of sleep emphasizes the complex interaction between individual, social, and environmental factors that play a critical role in influencing the quality and duration of sleep (Hale & Do, Reference Hale and Do2020). As discussed previously, sleep deprivation can have negative impacts on productivity, health, education, and aging in society, thereby affecting social and economic sustainability (Patrick et al., Reference Patrick, Lee, Raha, Pillai, Gupta, Sethi and Moss2017).

The socio-ecological model offers an approach that considers individual behavior in relation to social factors, such as social networks (e.g., family and work), which are interconnected and embedded in larger networks (e.g., community and religion) (McHugh & Lawlor, Reference McHugh and Lawlor2013). Social network systems exist within a social context that is influenced by various factors, such as laws, technology, and economics (Bronfenbrenner, Reference Bronfenbrenner1977). Additionally, human development is shaped by cultural and ethnic contexts (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, Reference Bronfenbrenner and Morris2006), environmental factors, and biotechnological factors (Bronfenbrenner, Reference Bronfenbrenner1977). The socio-ecological approach identifies the key components of these systems that are believed to influence sleep at the individual, social, and societal levels.

To achieve the SDGs on health, education, decent work, and social well-being, it is essential to develop policies and actions that promote healthy and high quality sleep. These include implementing public policies, educational programs, creating sleep-friendly environments, and raising awareness about the importance of good sleep (Hirshkowitz et al., Reference Hirshkowitz, Whiton, Albert, Alessi, Bruni, DonCarlos and Hillard2015). By considering sleep as an essential aspect of sustainable development, we can formulate strategies that guarantee sustainable sleep for everyone.

Integrating sleep research into the human impact of the SDGs can help achieve these goals in several ways, including promoting sleep health as an essential component of overall well-being. These include improving health, preventing disease, ensuring equitable access to the resources needed for adequate sleep, and reducing environmental impacts associated with energy use (United Nations, 2015b). Thus, incorporating sleep research into these sustainable strategies can lead us to a healthier and more sustainable future for all (Elsie, Isabelle, & Bronwyn, Reference Elsie, Isabelle and Bronwyn2020; Cunningham et al., Reference Cunningham, Wheaton, Yu and Croft2020). Actions based on this knowledge have the potential to improve people’s quality of life while having a positive impact on the environment and the global economy (Ta & Habicht, Reference Ta and Habicht2018).

Indeed, recognizing sleep as a fundamental aspect of sustainable development is crucial for achieving optimal sleep quality (McHugh & Lawlor, Reference McHugh and Lawlor2013). In this context, actions aimed at reducing poverty and improving living conditions play a crucial role. Among these actions, the promotion of a sleep-friendly environment stands out. These include ensuring access to safe and adequate housing, reducing noise pollution, and improving public safety. These measures are fundamental to addressing poverty and promoting overall well-being (Cappuccio et al., Reference Cappuccio, Miller and Lockley2010).

Integrating sleep health into the achievement of social, economic, and global well-being

The integration of sleep research as an interdisciplinary field has far-reaching implications for various areas of society. It addresses both social and economic issues, aiming to improve the quality of life for people worldwide. We present an integrative review of topics that align with sustainable development: (1) Social and economic inclusion, which encompasses poverty eradication, food security, reducing inequalities, and promoting peace and justice; (2) Promoting well-being and quality of life, which includes health, education, gender equality, environmental protection, and climate change mitigation; and (3) Economic and environmental sustainability, which involves decent work, innovation, infrastructure, responsible consumption, sustainable communities, through multilateral partnerships and collaborations. This outline categorizes the themes based on their thematic commonalities and provides an overview of the various aspects of integration between sleep science and the SDGs (Figure 1).

  1. 1. Social and economic integration for sleep health

Figure 1. Integrating sleep quality into achieving social, economic, and global well-being.

Table 1 provides a detailed description of the categories related to sustainable development, with a focus on eradicating poverty in sleep research. This category highlights key areas where sleep plays a critical role in finding sustainable solutions (Hale et al., Reference Hale, Troxel, Kravitz, Hall and Matthews2014). In addition, food insecurity has been observed to have a negative impact on quality of life. The lack of access to sufficient and nutritious food can result in physical and mental health issues (Ta & Habicht, Reference Ta and Habicht2018). This can impact sleep quality, as inadequate nutrition can contribute to sleep disturbances. To address food insecurity and improve quality of life, it is important to promote equitable access to nutritious food, invest in social support programs, promote sustainable agriculture, and strengthen food supply chains (Moraes et al., Reference Moraes, Junior, Sousa, Ferreira, Pinheiro and Pinheiro2018).

Table 1. Social and economic integration for sleep health

* SDG: Sustainable Development Goals.

The table also highlights that social inequality can affect sleep quality. This emphasizes the importance of inclusive policies, equitable access to basic services, investment in mental health, adoption of healthy habits, and awareness to improve the overall sleep quality of the population (McHugh, & Lawlor, Reference McHugh and Lawlor2013). Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of addressing socioeconomic inequalities and distributing health resources and services equitably to ensure better sleep quality for all (Moraes et al., Reference Moraes, Junior, Sousa, Ferreira, Pinheiro and Pinheiro2018).

The interaction between peace, justice, effective institutions, and people’s well-being is relevant. Studies show that stress, conflicts, and violence have a negative impact on sleep quality, while access to fair justice and satisfactory living conditions are associated with improved sleep (Wu et al., Reference Wu, Appleman, Salazar and Ong2015). Policies and measures to promote sleep health are crucial, including educational programs and the reduction of detrimental factors. Additionally, sufficient sleep influences decision-making abilities and institutional functioning (Ta & Habicht, Reference Ta and Habicht2018). These connections highlight the importance of addressing peace, justice, and effective institutions in relation to sleep, as they contribute to individual well-being and societal functioning.

  1. 2. Promotion of well-being for sleep health

Table 2 highlights the connection between health, well-being, and sleep health, emphasizing the importance of raising awareness about sleep health disparities and identifying solutions to address the challenges impacting sleep quality. When sleep quality is compromised, various aspects of health, including physical, mental, and emotional well-being, can be negatively impacted (Elsie, Isabelle, & Bronwyn, Reference Elsie, Isabelle and Bronwyn2020). Therefore, potential solutions involve educating individuals on sleep hygiene, promoting sleep-friendly environments, establishing consistent sleep routines, managing stress, and adopting a holistic approach to health by acknowledging the significance of sleep quality in overall well-being (Cunningham et al., Reference Cunningham, Wheaton, Yu and Croft2020).

Table 2. Promotion of well-being for sleep health

Table 2 also highlights the role of sleep quality in relation to learning challenges in schools and educational contexts (Cunningham et al., Reference Cunningham, Wheaton, Yu and Croft2020). It is important to note that before sleep can positively impact learning, sustainable development must successfully expand access to basic education. It is essential to consider the social and behavioral factors that influence students’ sleep quality, such as irregular schedules, excessive workload, inappropriate use of electronic devices, poor nighttime sleep and eating habits, and a lack of awareness about the importance of adequate sleep quality and quantity, especially for school-aged children and adolescents. To address this issue, it is crucial to raise awareness about the importance of sleep and develop effective adaptive strategies to promote sleep health (Curcio, Ferrara, & De Gennaro, Reference Curcio, Ferrara and De Gennaro2016). This may include creating sleep-friendly environments in schools, such as adjusting class schedules, reducing workload, and providing suitable rest spaces. Additionally, these initiatives align with the SDGs, which aim to ensure quality education for all students (Akerstedt, Kecklund, & Johansson, Reference Akerstedt, Kecklund and Johansson2004).

The relationship between gender equality and sleep health seeks to promote greater equity by recognizing and addressing the specific differences and challenges in sleep quantity and quality faced by men and women due to sociocultural issues (Shen, Barbera, & Shapiro, Reference Shen, Barbera and Shapiro2006). Social and cultural norms play a significant role in this context, affecting sleep timing and quality differently for each gender. For example, expectations about gender roles, unequal division of household tasks, daytime and nighttime work demands, and parenting responsibilities can significantly impact women’s sleep quality compared to men’s (Kravitz et al., Reference Kravitz, Ganz, Bromberger, Powell, Sutton-Tyrrell and Meyer2003). It is crucial to ensure that both men and women have equal access to sleep-related healthcare, including psychoeducation, assessment, and treatment of sleep disorders. This is an important step in addressing gender disparities in this area (Table 2).

Emphasized the importance of having sufficient access to sanitation for improving people’s sleep quality (Reinberg, Smolensky, & Touitou, Reference Reinberg, Smolensky and Touitou2005). The absence of proper sanitation facilities and limited access to clean water can create unhealthy conditions, contribute to the spread of diseases, and impair sleep quality. To address this issue, it is essential to consider relevant variables, develop evidence-based policies, and implement practices that meet the needs of communities (Prüss-Ustün et al., Reference Prüss-Ustün, Wolf, Bartram, Clasen, Cumming, Freeman and Fewtrell2019). This integration seeks to ensure a healthy environment and promote sleep quality through adequate access to sanitation. It underscores the importance of investments and effective actions in this area.

Kumar, Gupta and Singh (Reference Kumar, Gupta and Singh2019) organized information on the connections between clean energy, sleep science, and sustainable development. The authors discuss various topics related to electricity access and sleep quality, including clean energy and sleep quality, the effects of dirty energy production on sleep disorders, the intersection of sleep science and clean energy, and the integration of clean energy, sleep science, and sustainable development. These topics explore the impact of energy generation and electricity access on sleep quality and the role of sleep science in understanding this relationship. The challenge is to ensure that populations have reliable and sustainable access to electricity without compromising sleep quality. This involves the development of accessible, reliable, and low-impact energy solutions that do not disrupt people’s sleep (Wang & Zhang, Reference Wang and Zhang2019).

Additionally, Table 2 illustrates how climate change and inadequate water resource management can influence people’s sleep quality. The table highlights that policies and strategies to address climate change can contribute to creating healthier and more sustainable environments, which, in turn, may indirectly improve sleep quality by reducing environmental stressors such as extreme temperatures (Wolska & Smith, Reference Wolska and Smith2019). The importance of sustainable water resource management and access to clean water and sanitation is also emphasized, as these are essential factors for overall health and may have indirect impacts on sleep quality, especially in health and well-being contexts (Jiménez-Cisneros et al., Reference Jiménez-Cisneros, Oki, Arnell, Benito, Cogley, Döll and Wada2014; Vörösmarty et al., Reference Vörösmarty, McIntyre, Gessner, Dudgeon, Prusevich, Green and Davies2010). To address these complex challenges, an integrated approach is necessary, with cooperation among countries, international organizations, and communities, focusing on sharing knowledge, resources, and specific practices to tackle environmental and health issues (Brown & Meeks, Reference Brown and Meeks2015).

The interaction between aquatic life and sleep science highlights the significance of aquatic ecosystems in climate regulation, global biodiversity conservation, and sleep quality. The impacts of climate change, exposure to toxic metals, and water quality can negatively affect sleep quality. This highlights the importance of protecting and preserving aquatic environments to promote healthy and sustainable sleep (Ozbayram et al., Reference Ozbayram, Camur, Koker, Oguz Cam, Akcaalan and Albay2022). This integration is understood through various perspectives, including categories such as aquatic biodiversity and climate change, the importance of aquatic ecosystems, the relationship between sleep quality and the aquatic environment, the impact of exposure to toxic metals on sleep quality, and the connection between water quality and sleep quality (Hysing et al., Reference Hysing, Harvey, Linton, Askeland, Sivertsen and Pallesen2016).

Lastly, Table 2 highlights the interaction terrestrial life and sleep health, emphasizing the importance of terrestrial ecosystems in efficiency, environmental issues, and their impact on sleep quality, the promotion of sleep quality and well-being, and the conservation of terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity (Scott et al., Reference Scott, Doney, Emmett, James, Francis, Chad and Kagawa2012). The importance of protecting terrestrial ecosystems and preserving biodiversity is emphasized, as it is crucial for the preservation of life on land and for ensuring adequate sleep quality and promoting human well-being (Kecklund, & Axelsson, Reference Kecklund and Axelsson2016). The integration between terrestrial ecosystems and sleep science is essential to understand how life on land directly influences human sleep and how their preservation is fundamental to the health and balance of the planet.

  1. 3. Economic and environmental sustainability for sleep health

Table 3 emphasizes the importance of ensuring appropriate working conditions, including safe and decent jobs, while also recognizing the impact of night and shift work on workers’ health and sleep quality (Tyrväinen et al, Reference Tyrväinen, Ojala, Korpela, Lanki, Tsunetsugu and Kagawa2014; Costa, & Sartori, Reference Costa and Sartori2007). The table addresses the following points: the negative impact of a lack of safe and decent jobs; the impact of night and shift work on health and sleep quality; the negative impact of a lack of workplace safety and exposure to occupational hazards; the importance of decent work and research in sleep science; and the connection between decent work, sustainable economic growth, and investment. The text emphasizes the significance of ensuring suitable employment, considering the effects of night and shift work on workers’ health and sleep quality. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of promoting workplace safety and investing in decent work and conducting research on sleep science as ways to promote sustainable development for both individuals and the economy.

Table 3. Economic and environmental sustainability for sleep health

The adoption of measures focused on sleep health and technological innovation can bring significant benefits to both workers and companies, such as the development of low-cost, sustainable, and easy-to-implement solutions. These actions have the potential to improve quality of life, well-being, and productivity in the workplace, particularly in economically and sustainably developing countries. In summary, the main points addressed in the text emphasize the importance of implementing measures that promote workers’ health and well-being. This includes the application of advanced technologies, process automation, the use of light therapies, and health monitoring (Kecklund, & Axelsson, Reference Kecklund and Axelsson2016). These strategies aim to improve workers’ sleep quality, reduce occupational risks, and boost productivity (Duffy, Zitting, & Chinoy, Reference Duffy, Zitting and Chinoy2018; Sjösten, Nordin, & Åkerstedt, Reference Sjösten, Nordin and Åkerstedt2016).

The significance of individual, interpersonal, community, and environmental factors in sleep quality, as well as the positive impact of sustainable development goals on quality of life, including sleep quality, is emphasized in Table 2. It is important to note that SDGs (Bronfenbrenner, & Morris, Reference Bronfenbrenner and Morris2006; Hirshkowitz et al., Reference Hirshkowitz, Whiton, Albert, Alessi, Bruni, DonCarlos and Hillard2015), and (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure; Reduced Inequalities; Sustainable Cities and Communities) are interconnected and have a direct impact on people’s quality of life, including the promotion of quality sleep. Furthermore, there is an emphasis on the importance of creating healthy urban environments and ensuring equal access to essential services to promote improved sleep quality and overall quality of life.

Furthermore, Table 3 examines the correlation between responsible consumption and production, pollution, energy efficiency, thermal comfort, and sustainability awareness. It demonstrates how these factors can impact individuals’ quality of life and sleep quality. Overall, the significance of embracing conscious and sustainable consumption practices, minimizing waste, and utilizing natural resources responsibly is emphasized (Hysing et al., Reference Hysing, Harvey, Linton, Askeland, Sivertsen and Pallesen2016; Duffy, Zitting, & Chinoy, Reference Duffy, Zitting and Chinoy2018).

When addressing partnerships and the implementation of SDG 17 in relation to sleep, it is important to emphasize the significance of interdisciplinary collaboration among healthcare professionals, researchers, governments, the private sector, and civil society. These partnerships promote awareness, research, and the implementation of healthy sleep policies. Investment in research is crucial for understanding sleep disorders, identifying risk factors, and determining the best treatment practices. Public education is essential, with partnerships aimed at developing educational programs and campaigns that emphasize the importance of healthy sleep. Integrating sleep into public policies aims to create environments that are conducive to sleep and prevent associated health problems (Hysing et al., Reference Hysing, Harvey, Linton, Askeland, Sivertsen and Pallesen2016). Technology and innovation aid in sleep monitoring and provide access to information on sleep hygiene (United Nations, 2015a). Partnerships are vital for implementing monitoring and evaluation systems and adjusting intervention strategies.

Final considerations

In conclusion, the impact of sleep disparities is intricately linked to a diverse array of factors, including individual, social, and environmental elements. Emphasizing the role of sleep science and its impact on health, productivity, and well-being enables the development of policies and interventions that promote healthy sleep practices. By spreading knowledge about sleep, we can increase awareness of its significance and promote efforts to achieve the SDGs. Addressing social and economic disparities, while promoting sleep-friendly environments, is crucial for ensuring equal access to high-quality sleep for everyone. Through research and technological innovation, accessible solutions can be developed to monitor and improve sleep quality in various social and economic contexts. Integrating the importance of sleep into sustainable development efforts is crucial for promoting healthier and more sustainable sleep patterns worldwide.

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.

Acknowledgements

Neuroscience, Chronobiology, and Sleep Psychology Laboratory, State University of Minas Gerais.

Author contribution statement

Development and critical review of the article

Funding statement

Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases in the Midwest of Minas Gerais: Combating obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, approved under EDITAL 003/2023 – Institutional Program for the Consolidation of Scientific and Technological Research under the FAPEMIG/DAP Grant Agreement No. 71882078/2023.

Competing interests

No conflict of interest

Ethics standards

Ethical approval and consent are not relevant to this article type.

References

Connections references

Sephton, SE, & Kay, DB. (2024) How do psychosocial and cultural factors influence sleep and circadian health disparities? Research Directions: Sleep Psychology, 1, e1. https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2023.3 Google Scholar

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Figure 0

Figure 1. Integrating sleep quality into achieving social, economic, and global well-being.

Figure 1

Table 1. Social and economic integration for sleep health

Figure 2

Table 2. Promotion of well-being for sleep health

Figure 3

Table 3. Economic and environmental sustainability for sleep health

Author comment: Sustainable Well-being: The critical role of sleep in human health and ecology — R0/PR1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr1 [Opens in a new window]
MICHAEL ANDRADE [Opens in a new window] Psychology, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, DIVINÓPOLIS, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Revision round: 0
Role: author

Comments

No accompanying comment.

Review: Sustainable Well-being: The critical role of sleep in human health and ecology — R0/PR2

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr2 [Opens in a new window]
Dayna Johnson , Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Date of review:  15 April 2024
Role: reviewer

Comments

No accompanying comment.

Review: Sustainable Well-being: The critical role of sleep in human health and ecology — R0/PR3

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr3 [Opens in a new window]
Tim Gawley [Opens in a new window] Health Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University - Brantford Campus, Brantford, Canada
Date of review:  04 May 2024
Revision round: 0
Role: reviewer
Recommendation/decision: major-revision

Comments

Manuscript Review for the Impact Paper SLP-2024-0009 titled “Sustainable Well-being: The critical role of sleep in human health and ecology”

The reviewer’s understanding of this manuscript’s purpose is that sleep quality, as defined through the perspectives of human health and sleep ecology, should be considered in the accomplishment of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as proposed by the United Nations. The author attempts to demonstrate this by connecting the importance of sleep quality in the accomplishment of three SDG themes: Social and economic inclusion; Promoting well-being and quality of life; and Economic and environmental sustainability. The reviewer praises the thoughtfulness and creativity of the paper’s stated goal. The reviewer agrees that the apparent connections between sleep health (as defined by sleep quality) and sustainable development success is worth sharing through this journal, but not without numerous major revisions. The reviewer offers the following critiques and suggestions for the author’s future consideration.

Suggestions for Revisions:

a. Conceptualization.

The paper’s strength is introducing the link between SDGs and Sleep. Its greatest weakness is its absence of any propositions for HOW these can be connected in any observable/measurable way psychologically besides general statements.

The reviewer supports the rationale of the paper, but while the author’s coverage of the UN’s SDGs is well defined, the definitions of sleep and sleep quality lack psychological depth. What does the author mean by “quality” in a psychological way? Relatedly, sleep ecology is defined in the paper (lines 98-117) as a discipline and situated in general issues (e.g., noise, light pollution, air pollution), but its specific conceptual and empirical linkages to sleep quality are unclear.

The reviewer has trouble identifying the paper’s ability to tangibly link the highly macro-defined SDGs (defined at the Global and institutional levels) with what is the individualized and sample-based measurement tendencies of sleep quality. How can sleep quality be measured within these SDGs? Are sleep quality’s links with the SDGs observed by qualitative improvements to sleep hygienic conditions across the globe? At the nation state level? Does it refer to measurable qualitative outcomes of emotional or psychological health? Or are sleep quality and SDGs measured quantitatively? How can sleep quality be measured so it aligns with the accomplishment of these SDGs? Take for instance how we might measure improved nutrition through the SDG of Zero Hunger. We could measure the achievement of nutrition in empirical ways on a global scale. Can we do this with sleep quality? This leaves the paper devoid of any methodological definitions (which the reviewer believes is important to define given the papers aspirations to improve sleep quality globally, which requires measurement for such an achievement to be seen). The reviewer suggests that the paper consider defining the role that population health methodologies and measurements (or any other empirical strategies the author might consider) could play in empirically demonstrating the achievement of sleep quality within these SDGs.

The author is unclear about whether the author is proposing a role for sleep “science” in the achievement of the UNs SDGs, or if the author is proposing that sleep quality be seriously considered as a legitimate issue to be addressed through these SDGs? Given the content of the paper, the reviewer thinks the paper is about the latter, but it gets confusing when the author refers to “sleep science” in some generic sense.

b. Editing Suggestions Throughout the Manuscript

The Introduction needs improving:

Lines 76-78. The reviewer suggests deleting this sentence and beginning the paragraph with strict focus on defining the SDGs. The sentence also refers to “rigorous scientific evidence,’ of which the current paper does not articulate.

Lines 79-80. The paper mentions the SDG goals of eradicating poverty, promoting gender equality, and addressing climate change. These are not the focus of the paper. Rather, the reviewer suggests the author mention the three SDGs the author has chosen to discuss in the paper.

Lines 87-88. Modify this sentence as the paper does not clearly identifiable tangible strategies for promoting healthy sleep. Also, quality of life is not within the scope of the paper.

Lines 88-92. The paper’s main questions. Although the questions are good ones, organization of the paper does not reflect these in a clear way. Rather than proposing these questions as foundations for the paper’s content, the reviewer suggests reforming this paragraph to summarize the organization of paper itself (e.g., this paper discusses the role of sleep and sleep quality by defining Sleep Ecology’s contributions to the study and advancement of sleep quality, how to incorporate sleep into the promotion of sustainable development, and the integration of sleep science into the advancement of sustainable development goals). This might better reflect the logic of the paper’s current flow.

Line 144. The reviewer sees that two United Nations (2015) citations are included in the list of Works Cited. The reviewer suggests referring to each citation as United Nations, 2015a or 2015b, so the reader can know which reference is cited

Lines 149-150. The reviewer suggests editing this sentence to read “Sustainable development is crucial to promoting healthy sleep.” The reviewer believes the authors are more motivated to help people achieve more than just ‘sustainable’ sleep, but to achieve optimal or ideal sleep quality.

Lines 151-152. “Among these measures…” The previous sentence offers no measures, but rather “actions.” The elements referred to in the paragraph seem to reflect goals and objectives rather than tangible measures.

Lines157-159. These sentences do not seem to flow well in terms of their contents and do not clearly define the purpose of this section.

Line 156. Section title. The reviewer suggests editing this title heading. For example, how about “Integrating Sleep Quality into the Achievement of Social, Economic, and Global Well-being.” Sleep science itself is rarely mentioned in this section while sleep quality is the more central concern (rightfully).

Line 170. Heading. The reviewer suggests just referring the specific SDG goal being discussed as readers already know at this point that sleep quality is the central topic of discussion with each of these sections.

Line 198. “scientific integration.” Why not just say “integration” since the reviewer does not see any clear presence of scientific inquiry here?

Lines 207-216. Paragraph needs to recognize the realities about educational access and achievement and their correlations with sleep by acknowledging first that, before any sleep can positively affect learning, sustainable development must successfully increase access to basic education to begin with as so many parts of the globe do not even have the educational infrastructures required for student success.

Line 227. Sentence needs revision.

Lines 245-254. It is the reviewer’s understanding of the UN’s SDGs that Climate Action and Clean Water and Sanitation are two separate goals. Also, the author proposed that the paper would focus on the three themes outlines in Lines 160-167 (climate and water are not mentioned). The reviewer is also not convinced here about a profound connection between water management and sleep quality.

Line 259. Ebben, Yan, and Kreiger 2021 speak about ‘white noise’ and insomnia. This source does not seem to relate to the content being discussed here. Is there a more valid citation available?

Lines 279 and 281. Reference to “safe and decent jobs” and shift are repeated in subsequent sentences. The reviewer suggests eliminating this repetition. The reviewer also suggests that the author comb through the manuscript for other repetitive parts to the paper.

Lines 291-299. In a work of global inequality, how does the author propose the technologies be established and accessed in the impoverished areas of the Global South? Might this require an expansion of middle classes before these sleep technologies can be made possible?

Line 315. The author refers to SDG 17 for the first time in the paper. The reviewer suggests removing this term from here or else using and defining it when first defining the SDGs earlier in the paper.

Tables

The reviewer’s assessment of the tables is that they do help to advance the paper’s case by compressing the detailed links between sleep quality and SDGs into readable form. But the reviewer also believes that the tables reveal an alternative direction for this paper, which is to generate a systematic literature review of sleep quality (for a certain interval of years since the sleep quality research is immense as we know) to identify specific sleep quality publications that most directly speaks to the UN’s SDGs. While the tables of this manuscript are useful for summarizing speculative linkages (i.e., contents in the table are not supported with direct source citations), similar tables in the form of a systematic literature review might offer something evidence based.

Source Citations

Works Cited within the body of the paper and in the Reference List are very well done with only a few exceptions referred to above.

Decision: Sustainable Well-being: The critical role of sleep in human health — R1/PR6

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr6 [Opens in a new window]
Daniel Kay [Opens in a new window] Psychology, Brigham Young University-Provo, Provo, Utah, United States
Revision round: 2
Role: Editor in Chief
Recommendation/decision: minor-revision

Comments

Thank you for submitting your revised manuscript. These changes have clarified the intention and aims of this integrative review. Further editorial correction and refinement is needed before we can accept the manuscript for publication as outlined below.

1. Line 37: The following sentence requires editing to be understood: "Integrative review was conducted to analyze the multidisciplinary in the field of knowledge sleep considering the socioecological model and the SDGs."

2. As indicated in the previous review, please focus on "sleep health disparities" rather than sleep quality. In most cases, "sleep quality" should be replaced by the term "sleep health disparities" Sleep health is a comprehensive concept that includes not only sleep quality but also sleep duration, timing, regularity, and the presence or absence of sleep disorders. When there are noted differences in sleep health in a particular group, it is a "sleep health disparity." In contrast, sleep quality is a more focused measure of how well someone sleeps on a particular night or over a period of time, emphasizing self reported restfulness and sleep efficiency.

3. Please translate the legend for Table 1 into English. It currently reads: Figure 1. Integrando a Qualidade do Sono na Realização do Bem-Estar Social,

Econômico e Global

4. Please be more explicit in how this review addresses the question of How do psycho-social-cultural factors influence sleep health disparities and circadian rhythms? This would include reframing the title, abstract, rationale, and conclusion to focus on the psycho-social-cultural factors that impact sleep disparities, rather than on Sleep’s Role in Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability. This will largely be addressed by changing sleep quality to sleep health disparities. A possible title might be, Sustainable Development Goals and Sleep: An Integrative Review of Sleep Health Disparities and Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability

Decision: Sustainable Development Goals and Sleep: An Integrative Review of Sleep Health Disparities and Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability — R2/PR8

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr8 [Opens in a new window]
Daniel Kay [Opens in a new window] Psychology, Brigham Young University-Provo, Provo, Utah, United States
Revision round: 3
Role: Editor in Chief
Recommendation/decision: minor-revision

Comments

Thank you for your rapid response. There remain several areas that need to be edited to address my prior comments:

1. Lines 36-38: change the sentence to “An integrative review was conducted to analyze multidisciplinary studies in the field of sleep, considering the socioecological model of sleep health and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).”

2. Lines 68, 182, 197, 224, 247, 299, 309, Table 1 title, and Table 2 title : Change “sleep quality” to “sleep health”

3. Lines 89, 216, and 243: remove “disparities.” As it currently reads, it sounds like you are advocating for poor sleep.

4. Line 225-: rewrite this sentence as “Table 2 highlights the connection between health, well-being, and sleep health, emphasizing the importance of raising awareness about sleep health disparities and identifying solutions to address the challenges impacting sleep quality.”

Author comment: Sustainable Development Goals and Sleep: An Integrative Review of Sleep Health Disparities and Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability — R3/PR9

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr9 [Opens in a new window]
MICHAEL ANDRADE [Opens in a new window] Psychology, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, DIVINÓPOLIS, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Revision round: 1
Role: author

Comments

No accompanying comment.

Decision: Sustainable Development Goals and Sleep: An Integrative Review of Sleep Health Disparities and Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability — R3/PR10

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 December 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slp.2024.3.pr10 [Opens in a new window]
Daniel Kay [Opens in a new window] Psychology, Brigham Young University-Provo, Provo, Utah, United States
Revision round: 4
Role: Editor in Chief
Recommendation/decision: accept

Comments

Thank you for executing the recommended changes. The paper is now accepted for publication. I noticed two final typos in the manuscript, line 69 should read "Sleep health" rather than "The sleep health" and line 166 still needs to have "disparities" removed so it does not say to "prompt sleep health disparities."