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Mapping potential foodsheds in New York State by food group: An approach for prioritizing which foods to grow locally

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 May 2011

Christian J. Peters ,
Nelson L. Bills ,
Arthur J. Lembo ,
Jennifer L. Wilkins  and
Gary W. Fick
Christian J. Peters*
Affiliation:
Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Nelson L. Bills
Affiliation:
Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Arthur J. Lembo
Affiliation:
Geography and Geosciences, Salisbury University, Salisbury, MD, USA.
Jennifer L. Wilkins
Affiliation:
Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Gary W. Fick
Affiliation:
Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

Public interest in local food continues to grow, but few analyses have examined the capacity for the US population to be supplied through local and regional food systems. This paper extends earlier work that demonstrated a method for mapping potential foodsheds and estimating the potential for New York to meet the food needs of the state's population centers. It provides a methodology for addressing the question, ‘If land is limited, which foods should be grown locally?’ A spatial model was developed to allocate the available agricultural land of New York State (NYS) to meet in-state food needs for six distinct food groups (grains, vegetables, fruits, dairy, meat and eggs) across the eight largest population centers. An optimization routine was used to allocate land to maximize economic land use value (LUV). Eleven scenarios were examined, ranging from a baseline level of consumption of New York produced foods to a 100% local diet. Across the 11 scenarios, the amount of food supplied, the LUV attained, and the area of land allocated increased as the ‘willingness’ to consume local products increased. This approach dictated that land was preferentially devoted to higher-value food groups relative to lower-value groups, and no scenario used all available land. Under the 100% local scenario, 69% of total food needs (on a fresh weight basis) were supplied in-state with an average food distance of 238 km. This scenario provided food from only four of the six groups, namely, dairy, eggs, fruit and vegetables. These results suggest that a much larger proportion of total food needs (on a weight basis) might be provided from in-state production than was found in previous work. LUV serves as a compelling optimization function, and future work should investigate the degree to which maximizing returns to land complements or conflicts with social and environmental goals of local and regional food systems.

Keywords

geographic information systems (GIS)land use valuelocal dietslocal food systemsoptimizationmodelingproduction capacityregional food systems
Type
Research Papers
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 27 , Issue 2 , June 2012 , pp. 125 - 137
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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