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Evaluation of Ethiopian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm accessions for symbio-agronomic performance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2012

Gemechu Keneni ,
Endashaw Bekele ,
Fassil Assefa ,
Muhammad Imtiaz ,
Tolessa Debele ,
Kifle Dagne  and
Emana Getu
Gemechu Keneni*
Affiliation:
Holetta Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Endashaw Bekele
Affiliation:
College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Fassil Assefa
Affiliation:
College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Muhammad Imtiaz
Affiliation:
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 5466, Aleppo, Syria.
Tolessa Debele
Affiliation:
Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Kifle Dagne
Affiliation:
College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Emana Getu
Affiliation:
College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
*
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an economically and ecologically important food legume crop. Ethiopia has a large collection of chickpea germplasm accessions; but, it has not been extensively characterized for desirable sources of agronomic and symbiotic significance for use in breeding programs. A study was conducted at two locations (Ambo and Ginchi) in 2009/2010 to characterize and evaluate Ethiopian chickpea germplasm accessions for symbiotic and agronomic performance. One hundred and thirty-nine germplasm accessions were evaluated with 16 other genotypes including non-nodulating reference checks. Differences among genotypes, locations and genotype by location interaction effects were significant for a number of characters. A number of accessions better performing over the improved genotypes were identified for both symbiotic and agronomic characters. The amount of fixed nitrogen ranged from 13 to 49% in foliage, 30 to 44% in grain and 28 to 40% in total above-ground biomass. Grain yield performance varied from 31 to 70 g per 5 plants and seed size ranged from 82 to 288 g per 1000 seeds. For both symbiotic and agronomic characters, landraces were found to be overwhelmingly superior to introduced genotypes, except for seed size, where the best genotypes were all from exotic sources. The result indicated that Ethiopian chickpea landraces have better genetic potential for improving a number of symbiotic and agronomic characters over the varieties currently in use. Selection of best individuals within and among the accessions would be expected to be effective.

Keywords

characterizationchickpea (Cicer arietinum)germplasm accessionsymbiotic nitrogen fixation
Type
Research Papers
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 28 , Issue 4 , December 2013 , pp. 338 - 349
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012 

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