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Ecosystem services and tradeoffs in the home food gardens of African American, Chinese-origin and Mexican-origin households in Chicago, IL

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2016

John R. Taylor ,
Sarah Taylor Lovell ,
Sam E. Wortman  and
Michelle Chan
John R. Taylor*
Affiliation:
Falk School of Sustainability, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Sarah Taylor Lovell
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Sam E. Wortman
Affiliation:
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Michelle Chan
Affiliation:
College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
*
* Corresponding author: [email protected]
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Abstract

With increasing urbanization and environmental degradation, urban landscapes are increasingly expected to provide a wide range of ecosystem services typically associated with rural areas, including biodiversity conservation and food production. Because residential landscapes constitute the largest single urban land use, domestic gardens have emerged as a topic of research interest and planning concern. The ecosystem services (or disservices) these landscapes provide, however, have not been rigorously measured, nor have tradeoffs between the services they provide been assessed. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 59 African American, Chinese-origin or Mexican-origin households with on-lot or vacant lot food gardens in Chicago. Crop plants and cultivated ornamental plants on the lot were inventoried and mapped at the species level. A total of 123 edible plant taxa from 25 families and 288 ornamental plant species from 85 families were identified, for a combined total of 387 species from 90 families. Cumulatively, the gardens of African American households were relatively rich in ornamental plant species and families, while those of Chinese-origin households had a depauperate flora. Crop plant richness was more even across sample types. Shade trees and a developed shrub layer were absent from most gardens, possibly representing a tradeoff in ecosystem services in favor of food production. The richness of the aggregate 2.1 ha of residential property inventoried in this study was comparable with or exceeded that of a 34 ha prairie remnant west of Chicago. However, only 35 (9.6%) of the inventoried species were native to the Chicago area.

Keywords

biodiversityagrobiodiversityecosystem servicesgreen infrastructurehome gardensurban agriculturefood securitymigrant gardeners
Type
Research Papers
Information
Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems , Volume 32 , Issue 1 , February 2017 , pp. 69 - 86
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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