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Migration temporaire et mobilité intergénérationnelle

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

Alice Mesnard
Alice Mesnard*
Affiliation:
ARQADE, universitéde Toulouse 1
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Résumé

L’article étudie l’effet de l’émigration des travailleurs sur la distribution de la richesse d’une petite économie où les travailleurs sont confrontés à des difficultés d’accès au marché du crédit. Les migrants s’enrichissent en travaillant à l’étranger puis lèguent leur richesse à leurs descendants en revenant dans leur pays d’origine. Une plus grande proportion de travailleurs de la génération suivante deviennent entrepreneurs. Si l’émigration n’est pas trop restreinte, le salaire augmente et la structure du marché du travail est modifiée. L’accumulation de richesse est tirée vers le haut. Ainsi l’émigration temporaire peut conduire un pays en voie de développement hors d’un «piège de la pauvreté».

Summary

Summary

This paper analyses the consequences of international migration on the wealth distribution of an economy where workers are credit constrained. Migrants earn high wages abroad and bequest part of their wealth to their heirs after having returned to the home country. A larger proportion of workers of the next generation become self-employed. If migration is large enough, wages increase and the labour market structure is modified. Hence wealth accumulation is increased through temporary migration, which can lead a developing country out of a poverty trap.

Keywords

International MigrationOccupational and Intergenerational MobilitySelf-EmploymentF22J62J23F22J62J23
Type
Research Article
Information
Recherches Économiques de Louvain/ Louvain Economic Review , Volume 67 , Issue 1 , 2001 , pp. 61 - 90
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 2001 

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Footnotes

*

Je remercie Damien Gaumont, Thierry Magnac et les rapporteurs de cet article pour leurs critiques ainsi que les participants des séminaires du CREST et de la LSE. Je suis bien sûr entièrement responsable des erreurs qui restent.

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