Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T17:39:36.475Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Discrimination statistique et marché du travail

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

Jean-Michel Plassard
Jean-Michel Plassard*
Affiliation:
Université des Sciences Sociales de Toulouse
Get access

Résumé

Les différences de salaires pour des travailleurs dont les aptitudes paraissaient identiques ont retenu depuis longtemps l’attention des économistes. En revanche, l’analyse de la discrimination en terme de discrimination statistique est une approche qui ne s’est développée que relativement récemment à la suite des travaux sur l’économie de l’information. L’article propose un survol de la littérature pour examiner les effets, tant au plan de la répartition des revenus que de l’efficience, de l’usage de stéréotypes sur le marché du travail.

Summary

Summary

Statistical discrimination is the last attempt by economists to explain discrimination in the labor market. Models of statistical discrimination seek to explain discrimination which does not ressort to an assumption of prejudice. By reviewing the literature, the purpose of this article is to precise some potential effects of stereotypes used by employers. We attempt to explain the consequences of this behavior on the allocation of ressources and on the distribution of income on the labor market.

Keywords

821917821917
Type
Research Article
Information
Recherches Économiques de Louvain/ Louvain Economic Review , Volume 55 , Issue 2 , 1989 , pp. 177 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 1989 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHIE

Aigner, D. et Cain, G. (1977), Statistical Theories of Discrimination in the Labor Market, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2, pp. 175–187.Google Scholar
Amsten, A. et Moser, J. (1975), Job Search and Affirmative Action, American Economic Review, 2, pp. 83–91.Google Scholar
Akerlof, G. (1970), The Market of “Lemons”: Qualitative Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 3, pp. 488–500.Google Scholar
Akerlof, G. (1976), The Economics of Caste and of the Rate Race and Other Woeful Tales, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 4, pp. 599–617.Google Scholar
Arrow, K.J. (1972), Models of Job Discrimination, in: Pascal, A.H. (ed.), Racial Discrimination in Economic Live, Lexington, Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Arrow, K.J. (1973), Higher Education as a Filter, Journal of Public Economics, 2, pp. 193–216.Google Scholar
Becker, G.S. (1957), The Economics of Discrimination, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press, 1ère édition.Google Scholar
Bulow, J. et Summer, L.H., A Theory of Dual Labor Markets with Application to Industrial Policy, Discrimination and Keynesian Unemployment, NBER Working paper, n° 1666.Google Scholar
Cain, G.G., The Economic Analysis of Labor Market Discrimination: A Survey, in: Ashenfelter, O. et Layard, R. (ed.), Handbook of Labor Economics, Vol. 1, Elsevier Science Publishers B.V.Google Scholar
Calvo, G. (1979), Quasi-Walrasian Theories of Unemployment, American Economic Review, 2, pp. 102–107.Google Scholar
Deshons, M. (1974), Information et affectation des ressources sur le marché du travail, Montpellier, Thèse de Doctorat d’Etat es Sciences Economiques.Google Scholar
Golfarb, R.S. et Hosek, J.R. (1975), Explaining Male-Female Wage Differentials for the Same Job, The Journal of Human Resources, 1, pp. 96–108.Google Scholar
Gordon, N.M. et Morton, T.E. (1974), A Low Mobility of Wage Discrimination with Special Reference to Sex Differentials, Journal of Economic Theory, 7, pp. 241–253.Google Scholar
Grossman, H.I. et Trepeta, W.T. (1981), Risk Shifting, Statistical Discrimination and the Stability of Earnings, in: Rosen, (ed.), Studies in the Labor Market, Chicago, The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Gunderson, M. (1980) Labour Market Economics, Theory, Evidence and Policy in Canada, Toronto, Mc Graw Hill Ryerson.Google Scholar
Hashimoto, M. et Yu, B. (1980), Specific Capital, Employment Contracts, and Wage Rigidity, The Bell Journal of Economics, 11, pp. 536–549.Google Scholar
Hirschleifer, J. (1973), Where are we in the Theory of Information, American Economic Review, 2, pp. 31–39.Google Scholar
Hirschleifer, J.G. et Riley, (1979), The Analytics of Uncertainty and Information: An Expository Survey, Journal of Economic Literature, 4, pp. 175–1422.Google Scholar
Kahne, L. (1975), Economic Perspectives on the Role of Women in the American Economic, Journal of Economc Literature, 1, pp. 1249–1298.Google Scholar
Laffont, J.J. (1984), Cours de Théorie Micro-économique, Vol. II: Economic de l’Incertain et de l’Information, Paris, Economica.Google Scholar
Lazear, E. et Rosen, S. (1981), Rank-order tournaments as optimum labor contracts, Journal of Political Economy, mai, pp. 841–864.Google Scholar
Leland, H.E. (1979), Quacks, Lemons and Licencing: A Theory of Minimum Quality Standards, Journal of Political Economy, 6, pp. 1329–1345.Google Scholar
Loveridge, R. et Mook, A. (1980), Theoritical Approaches to Segmented Labour Markets, International Journal of Social Economics, 7, pp. 376–411.Google Scholar
Lippman, S.A. et Mc Call, J.J. (1976), The Economics of Job Search: A Survey, Part I and Part II, Economic Inquiry, 2 et 3.Google Scholar
Lundberg, S. et Startz, R. (1983), Private Discrimination and Social Intervention in Competitive Labor Market, American Economic Review, 73, pp. 340–347.Google Scholar
Madden, J. (1973), The Economics of Sex Discrimination, Lexington, Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Mc Call, J.J. (1972), The Simple Mathematics of Information, Job Search and Prejudice, in: Pascal, A.H. (ed.), Racial Discrimination in Economic Life, Lexington, Lexington Books.Google Scholar
Mallet, L. et Vernieres, M. (1981), L’expérience professionnelle dans les modes de gestion de la main d’oeuvre, Travail et emploi, 9, pp. 65–74.Google Scholar
Milgrom, P. et Oster, S. (1987), Job Discrimination, Market Forces and the Invisibility, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 3, pp. 435–476.Google Scholar
Nelson, P. (1970), Information and Consensus Behaviour, Journal of Political Economy, pp. 311–329.Google Scholar
Oi, W. (1962), Labor as a Quasi-Fixed Factor, Journal of Political Economy, 12, pp. 538–555.Google Scholar
Osterman, P. (1979), Sex Discrimination in Professional Employment: A Case Study, Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 4, pp. 451–464.Google Scholar
Phelps, E. (1972), The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism, American Economic Review, 4, pp. 659–661.Google Scholar
Plassard, J.M. (1987), Discrimination sur le marché du travail et information imparfaite, Paris, Editions du CNRS.Google Scholar
Reder, M. (1972), Human Capital and Economic Discrimination, in: Human Capital and Economic Welfare. Essays in Honor of Eli Ginsberg, New York, Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Riley, J.G. (1976), Information, Screening and Human Capital, American Economic Review, 2, pp. 254–260.Google Scholar
Schmalensee, R. (1984), Imperfect Information and the Equitability of Competitive Prices, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 3, pp 441–459.Google Scholar
Schwab, S. (1986), Is Statistical Discrimination Efficient?, American Economic Review, 1, pp. 228–233.Google Scholar
Shapiro, C. et Stiglitz, J. (1984), Equilibrium Unemployment as a Worker Discipline Device, American Economic Review, 3, pp. 433–444.Google Scholar
Spence, M. (1974), Market Signaling: Informational Transfer in Hiring and Related Process, Boston, Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Sloane, R.J. (1985), Discrimination in the Labour Market, in: Carline, (ed.), Labour Economics, London, New-york.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, J. (1973), Approaches to the Economics of Discrimination, American Economic Review, 2, pp. 287–296.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, J. (1975), The Theory of Screening and the Distribution of Income, American Economic Review, 3, pp. 283–300.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, J. (1985), Information and Economic Analysis: A Perspective, Conference Papers, Supplement to the Economic Journal, Vol. 95, pp. 22–40.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, J. (1987), The Dependence of Quality on Price, Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 25, pp. 1–48.Google Scholar
Thurow, L. (1975), Generating Inequality, New-York, Basic Books.Google Scholar
Weiss, A. (1980), Job Queues and Layoffs in Labor Markets with Flexible Wages, Journal of Political Economy, 3, pp. 526–538.Google Scholar
Williamson, O., Wachter, M.L. et Harris, J.E. (1975), Understanding the Employment Relation: The Analysis of Idiosyncratic Exchange, 77ie Bell Journal of Economics, 1, pp. 250–278.Google Scholar
Wolfesberger, A. (1980), Economic des Inégalités de Revenus, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France.Google Scholar
Wolpin, K.I. (1977), Education and Screening, American Economic Review, 5, pp. 949–958.Google Scholar
Zellner, H. (1972), Discrimination against Women, Occupational Segregation and the Relative Wage, American Economic Review, 2, pp. 157–160.Google Scholar