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Assessing internal exposure in the absence of an appropriate model: two cases involving an incidental inhalationof transuranic elements

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 December 2008

N. Blanchin
Affiliation:
CEA Cadarache, SST, Bâtiment 102, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
P. Bérard
Affiliation:
CEA Saclay, LABM, Bâtiment 601, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
E. Blanchardon
Affiliation:
IRSN, DRPH, Bâtiment 02, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France
R. Fottorino
Affiliation:
CEA Cadarache, LABM, Bâtiment 102, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
L. Grappin
Affiliation:
CEA Cadarache, SST, Bâtiment 102, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
A.-M. Guillermin
Affiliation:
CEA Cadarache, SST, Bâtiment 102, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
P. Lafon
Affiliation:
CEA Cadarache, SST, Bâtiment 102, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
A. Miele
Affiliation:
CEA Cadarache, SST, Bâtiment 102, 13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
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Abstract

Two incidents involving internal exposure by inhalation of transuranic compounds are presented herein. The results of the measurements of urinary and faecal excretions of the two individuals involved do not concur with the values predicted by the ICRP models that should be applied by default, according to the circumstances of the incidents and the chemical form of the products involved: oxide in the first case and nitrate in the second. These cases are remarkable in the similarity of their biokinetic behaviour even though they occurred in different situations and involved different chemical compounds. Both situations provide an illustration of the management of internal contamination events. The precautions to be taken and the questions that the physician should ask himself in the estimation of the internal dose are listed as follows: What type of examinations should be prescribed and at what frequency? What analysis results should be used in assessing the dose? How can the effect of the Ca-DTPA treatment be assessed? How long is it necessary to perform radiotoxicological exams before assessing the dose? What should be done if the ICRP model corresponding to the initial circumstances does not fit the measurement data? Finally, our selected hypotheses, used to explain specific biokinetic behaviour and to estimate its intake in both cases, are detailed. These incidental contaminations suggest that further studies should be carried out to develop a new model for inhalation of transuranic compounds that would follow neither the S nor the M absorption type of the respiratory tract model of ICRP publication 66.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2008

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