Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T11:16:34.140Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Radiocarbon Dating of Dutch Mortars Made from Burned Shells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2016

Alf Lindroos ,
Edwin Orsel ,
Jan Heinemeier ,
Jan-Olof Lill  and
Kristian Gunnelius
Alf Lindroos*
Affiliation:
Geology and Mineralogy, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland Art History, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
Edwin Orsel
Affiliation:
Monumenten & Archeologie, Leiden, the Netherlands
Jan Heinemeier
Affiliation:
AMS 14C Dating Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Jan-Olof Lill
Affiliation:
Accelerator Laboratory, Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland Physics, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
Kristian Gunnelius
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
*
Corresponding author. Email: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

AMS-bascd radiocarbon dating was applied to Medieval lime mortars made from burned shells and aggregate including both shore sediments and neovolcanic rocks. Three mortar samples from the city of Leiden near Amsterdam were prepared using the same kind of acid hydrolysis technique as has been earlier used for dating mortars made from burned marble and limestone. Five consecutive CO2 fractions were collected from each sample to form age profiles as functions of the dissolution progress index. One of the samples, from a brick wall of known age, was taken as a reference from the Pieterskerk church. Two other samples were taken from the Burcht circular stronghold on a former island on the Rhine River. The age of Burcht is less well known; thus, the presented results are a contribution to an ongoing discussion on its history.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 56 , Issue 3 , 2014 , pp. 959 - 968
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Al-Bashaireh, K, Hodgins, GWL. 2011. AMS radiocarbon dating of lime-plaster from the painted house at Petra, South Jordan. In: Ringbom, Å, Hohlfelder, RL, editors. Sjöberg, P, Sonck-Koota, P, assistant editors. Building Roma Aeterna. Current Research on Roman Mortar and Concrete. Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum 128:231–41.Google Scholar
Al-Bashaireh, K, Hodgins, GWL. 2012. Lime mortar and plaster: a radiocarbon dating tool for dating Nabatean structures in Petra, Jordan. Radiocarbon 54(3–4):905–14.Google Scholar
Bronk Ramsey, C. 2009. Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 51(1):337–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deer, WA, Howie, RA, Zussman, J. 1992. An Introduction to the Rock Forming Minerals. Essex: Pearson Education.Google Scholar
den Hartog, E, Veerman, J. 2011. De Pieterskerk in Leiden, Bouwgeschiedenis, indenting en gedenktekens. Zwolle: WBooks. p 43–5.Google Scholar
Hale, J, Heinemeier, J, Lancaster, L, Lindroos, A, Ringbom, Å. 2003. Dating ancient mortar. American Scientist 91(2):130–7.Google Scholar
Heinemeier, J, Jungner, H, Lindroos, A, Ringbom, Å, von Konow, T, Rud, N. 1997. AMS 14C dating of lime mortars. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 123(1–4):487–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heinemeier, J, Ringbom, Å, Lindroos, A, Sveinbjörnsdóttir, ÁE. 2010. Successful AMS 14C dating of non-hydraulic lime mortars from the Medieval churches of the Åland Islands, Finland. Radiocarbon 52(1):171–204.Google Scholar
Hodgins, G, Lindroos, A, Ringbom, Å, Heinemeier, J, Brock, F. 2011. 14C dating of Roman mortars – preliminary tests using diluted hydrochloric acid injected in batches. In: Ringbom, Å, Hohlfelder, RL, editors. Sjöberg, P, Sonck-Koota, P, assistant editors. Building Roma Aeterna. Current Research on Roman Mortar and Concrete. Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum 128:209–13.Google Scholar
Janssen, HL, Kylstra-Wielinga, JMM, Meierink, B, editors. 1996. 1000 Jaar kastelen in Nederland. Functie en vorm door de eeuwen heen. Utrecht: Matrijs.Google Scholar
Jenkins, R, Snyder, RL. 1996. X-Ray Powder Diffractometry. New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Johansson, SAE, Campbell, JL, Malmqvist, KG. 1995. Particle-Induced X-ray Emission Spectrometry (PIXE). New York: John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Langley, MM, Maloney, SJ, Ringbom, Å, Heinemeier, J, Lindroos, A. 2011. A comparison of dating techniques at Torre de Palma, Portugal: mortars and ceramics. In: Ringbom, Å, Hohlfelder, RL, editors. Sjöberg, P, Sonck-Koota, P, assistant editors. Building Roma Aeterna. Current Research on Roman Mortar and Concrete. Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum 128:242–56.Google Scholar
Lill, J-O. 1999. Charge integration in external beam PIXE. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 150(1–4):114–7.Google Scholar
Lindroos, A, Ringbom, Å, Heinemeier, J, Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Á. 2007. Mortar dating using AMS 14C and sequential dissolution: examples from Medieval, non-hydraulic lime mortars from the Åland Islands, SW Finland. Radiocarbon 49(1):47–67.Google Scholar
Lindroos, A, Heinemeier, J, Ringbom, Å, Brock, F, Sonck-Koota, P, Pehkonen, M, Suksi, J. 2011a. Problems in radiocarbon dating of Roman pozzolana mortars. In: Ringbom, Å, Hohlfelder, RL, editors. Sjöberg, P, Sonck-Koota, P, assistant editors. Building Roma Aeterna. Current Research on Roman Mortar and Concrete. Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum 128:214–30.Google Scholar
Lindroos, A, Ringbom, Å, Kaisti, R, Heinemeier, J, Hodgins, G, Brock, F. 2011b. The oldest parts of Turku Cathedral 14C chronology of fire damaged mortars. In: Hansson, J, Ranta, H, editors. Archaeology and History of Churches in the Baltic Region. Stockholm: Vitterhetsakademien. p 108–21.Google Scholar
Lindroos, A, Regev, L, Oinonen, M, Ringbom, Å, Heinemeier, J. 2012. 14C dating of fire-damaged mortars from Medieval Finland. Radiocarbon 54(3–4):915–32.Google Scholar
Marshall, DJ. 1988. Cathodoluminescence of Geological Materials. Boston: Unwin Hyman.Google Scholar
Marzaioli, F, Nonni, S, Passariello, I, Capano, M, Ricci, P, Lubritto, C, De Cesare, N, Eramo, G, Quiros Castillo, JA, Terrasi, F. 2013. Accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dating of lime mortars. Methodological aspects and field study application at CIRCE (Italy). Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 294:246–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nawrocka, D, Czernik, J, Goslar, T. 2009. 14C dating of carbonate mortars from Polish and Israeli sites. Radiocarbon 51(2):857–66.Google Scholar
Orsel, ED. 2012a. The Burcht of Leiden; the summit of a royal dream. In: Château Gaillard 25, Études de castellologie médiévale, L'origine du château médiéval, actes du colloque de Rindern, Allemagne (2010). Turnhout: Brepols. p 281–5.Google Scholar
Orsel, ED. 2012b. De Burcht in beweging. In: Aarts, B, Landewé, W, Olde Meierink, B, Vogelzang, F, editors. Ambitie in Steen. Leiden: Nederlandse Kastelenstichting. p 67–79.Google Scholar
Ortega, LA, Zuluaga, MC, Alonso-Olazabal, A, Murelaga, X, Insausti, M, Etxeberria, AI. 2012. Historic lime-mortar 14C dating of Santa María la Real (Zarautz northern Spain): extraction of suitable grain size for reliable 14C dating. Radiocarbon 54(1):23–36.Google Scholar
Reimer, PJ, Baillie, MGL, Bard, E, Bayliss, A, Beck, JW, Blackwell, PG, Bronk Ramsey, C, Buck, CE, Burr, GS, Edwards, RL, Friedrich, M, Grootes, PM, Guilderson, TP, Hajdas, I, Heaton, TJ, Hogg, AG, Hughen, KA, Kaiser, KF, Kromer, B, McCormac, FG, Manning, SW, Reimer, RW, Richards, DA, Southon, JR, Talamo, S, Turney, CSM, van der Plicht, J, Weyhenmeyer, CE. 2009. IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0–50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 51(4):1111–50.Google Scholar
Ringbom, Å. 2011. The Voice of the Åland Churches – New Light on Art, Architecture and History. Mariehamn: Ålands Museum.Google Scholar
Ringbom, Å, Remmer, C. 1995. Ålands Kyrkor. Volume 1. Hammarland och Eckerö. Mariehamn: Ålands landskapsstyrelse/Museibyrån. In Swedish with English summary.Google Scholar
Ringbom, Å, Remmer, C. 2000. Ålands Kyrkor. Volume 2. Saltvik. Mariehamn: Ålands landskapsstyrelse/Museibyrån. In Swedish with English summary.Google Scholar
Ringbom, Å, Remmer, C. 2005. Ålands Kyrkor. Volume 3. Sund och Vårdö. Mariehamn: Ålands landskapsstyrelse/Museibyrån. In Swedish with English summary.Google Scholar
Ringbom, Å, Hale, J, Heinemeier, J, Lindroos, A, Brock, F. 2006. The use of mortar dating in archaeological studies of Classical and Medieval structures. In: Dunkeld, M, editor. Proceedings of the Second International Congress on Construction History 3:2613–33.Google Scholar
Ringbom, Å, Heinemeier, J, Lindroos, A, Brock, F. 2011. Mortar dating and Roman pozzolana, results and interpretations. In: Ringbom, Å, Hohlfelder, RL, editors. Sjöberg, P, Sonck-Koota, P, assistant editors. Building Roma Aeterna. Current Research on Roman Mortar and Concrete. Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum 128:187–208.Google Scholar
Ritter, JRR, Jordan, M, Christensen, UR, Achauer, U. 2001. A mantle plume below the Eifel volcanic fields, Germany. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 186(1):7–14.Google Scholar
van Balen, K, van Bommel, B, van Hees, R, van Hunen, M, van Rhijn, J, van Rooden, M. 2003. Kalkboek. Het gebruik van kalk als bindmiddel voor metselen voegmortels in verleden en heden. Zeist: Riijksdienst van de Monumentenzorg. p 49–63,90–2.Google Scholar
Van Strydonck, M, Van der Borg, JYK, de Jong, AFM, Keppens, E. 1992. Radiocarbon dating of lime fractions and organic material from buildings. Radiocarbon 34(3):873–9.Google Scholar
Vogel, JS, Southon, JR, Nelson, DE, Brown, TA. 1984. Performance of catalytically condensed carbon for use in accelerator mass spectrometry. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 5(2):289–93.Google Scholar