Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-04T09:49:02.889Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

A Chronology of the Scythian Antiquities of Eurasia Based on New Archaeological and 14C Data

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

A Yu Alekseev
Affiliation:
The State Hermitage Museum, 191186 St. Petersburg, Russia. Email: [email protected].
N A Bokovenko
Affiliation:
The Institute of the History of Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, 191186 St.Petersburg, Russia
Yu Boltrik
Affiliation:
The Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 254655 Kiev, Ukraine
K A Chugunov
Affiliation:
The Institute of Cultural and Natural Heritage, 191011 St. Petersburg, Russia
G Cook
Affiliation:
Radiocarbon Laboratory, SUERC, East Kilbride, Scotland
V A Dergachev
Affiliation:
The Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
N Kovalyukh
Affiliation:
State Scientific Centre of Environmental Radiochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 252680 Kiev, Ukraine
G Possnert
Affiliation:
Radiocarbon Laboratory of Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
J van der Plicht
Affiliation:
Radiocarbon Laboratory of Groningen University, Groningen, the Netherlands
E M Scott
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
A Sementsov
Affiliation:
The Institute of the History of Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, 191186 St.Petersburg, Russia
V Skripkin
Affiliation:
State Scientific Centre of Environmental Radiochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 252680 Kiev, Ukraine
S Vasiliev
Affiliation:
The Physical-Technical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
G Zaitseva
Affiliation:
The Institute of the History of Material Culture of Russian Academy of Sciences, 191186 St.Petersburg, Russia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The paper is compares the chronology of the monuments of the Scythian epoch located in the east and west of the Eurasian steppe zone on the basis of both archaeological and radiocarbon data. The lists of 14C dates for the monuments located in different parts of Eurasia are presented according to the periods of their existence. Generally, the 14C dates are confirmed the archaeological point of view and allow us to compare the chronological position of the European and Asian Scythian monuments on the united 14C time scale.

Type
II. Our ‘Wet’ Environment
Copyright
Copyright © 2001 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

References

Alekseev, AYu. 1992. Scythian chronic (Scythian in the 7th-the 4th century BC: historical archaeological review). St. Petersburg: Petersburg Comstat Press. 210 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Alekseev, AYu. 1996. Scythian Kings and Royal barrows of the 4th-the 5th century BC. Journal of Ancient History 3:99113. In Russian.Google Scholar
Bokovenko, NA. 1987. New sites of early Scythian time in the Western Sayan. The Problems of the Soviet Archaeology. Thesis of the Conference. Moscow: 46–7. In Russian.Google Scholar
Bokovenko, NA. 1992. The problem of the origin of the horseman burial tradition in the Southern Siberia. Second historical reading devoted to the MP Gryaznov's memory. Omsk. p 99100. In Russian.Google Scholar
Bokovenko, NA. 1994. The genesis problems of the burial tradition of the early nomadic nobility in the Southern Siberia. Elite barrows of the Eurasian steppe in the Scythian-Sarumathian epoch. St.Petersburg. p 4148. In Russian.Google Scholar
Bokovenko, NA, Zadneprovskii, YuA. 1992. Early nomads of the Eastern Kazakhstan. In: Rybakov, BA and Moshkova, MG, editors. Archaeology of the USSR. The Steppe zones Of European part of the USSR in the Scythian-Sarumatian Epoch. Moscow: Nauka. 490 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Bokovenko, NA. 1996. Asian influence on European Scythia. Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 3(1):97122.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boltrik, YuV, Fialko, EE. 1995. The burial of the scythian kings in the second-half of the 4th century BC. Archaeology 2:313. In Ukrainian.Google Scholar
Bonani, G, Hajdas, I, Rouff, U, Seifert, M, Molodin, V, Sljusarenko, I. 2001. Dendrochronological and radiocarbon dating of the scythian burial place in the Pazyryk valley in the Altai mountains, Southern Siberia. Radiocarbon. This issue.Google Scholar
Chlenova, NL. 1967. The origin and the early history of the Tagar culture tribes. Moscow: Nauka. 298 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Chlenova, NL. 1996. The dating of the burial mound Arzhan in Tuva and its place in the cultural system of the “Scythian world”. Herald of Anthropology: 181–94. In Russian.Google Scholar
Chugunov, KV. 1993. The datings of the Great Pazyryk barrows: new impulse of the old discussion The preservation and the study of the cultural heritage of the Altai. Barnaul: 167–9. In Russian.Google Scholar
Chugunov, KV. 1994. The investigation of the burial-funeral tradition of the Dogee-Baary-2 complex in Tuva. Elite barrows of the Eurasian steppe in the Scythian-Sarumathian epoch. St. Petersburg. p 195–9. In Russian.Google Scholar
Chugunov, KV. 1996. The burial complex with cenotaph from Tuva. Priest and Shamanism in the Scythian epoch. St. Petersburg. p 6980. In Russian.Google Scholar
Chugunov, KV. 1999. The periodization of the Aldy-Bel culture in Tuva and its final stage. The Results of the study of the Altai and neighboring territories. Barnaul. p 234–7. In Russian.Google Scholar
Dergachev, VA, Vasiliev, SS, Sementsov, AA, Zaitseva, GI, Chugunov, KV, Slusarenko, IJu. 2001. Dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating methods in archaeological studies of the monuments during the Scythian- Sarmatian time. Radiocarbon. This issue.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dudarev, SL. 1995. To the problem of the interaction of the tribes of the Northern Caucasus with the early nomads during pre-scythian epoch. Armavir. 50 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Dudarev, SL. 1998. To the question about the place of the Kimmerian complexes from the Western Asia in the system of the chronological and cultural connections in the Northern Black Sea region, Caucasus and the Eastern European regions. Journal of Ancient History: 7793. In Russian.Google Scholar
Dudarev, SL. 1999. The Northern Caucasus and early nomads in the Scythian epoch (the 9th-the first half of the 7th c. BC). Doctoral dissertation. Moscow. 38 p.Google Scholar
Dudarev, SL. 1999. The interaction of the tribes of the Northern Caucasus and the Southern-Eastern Europe during the pre-scythian time (the 9th-first half of the 7th c. BC). Armavir. 400 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Erlikh, VP. 1994. To the initial of the early scythian complex. Moscow. 196 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Kiselev, SV. 1951. The ancient history of the Southern Siberia. 643 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Galanina, LM. 1997. The Kelermess barrows. The Royal burials of the early Scythian epoch. Steppe population of Eurasia 1. Moscow. 270 p. In Russian and German.Google Scholar
Grach, AD. 1980. The Ancient nomads of central Asia. Moscow: Nauka. 256 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Grach, AD. 1983. The historical-cultural population of the Early Scythian epoch in central Asia. Archaeological Journal of the State Hermitage Museum 23:3042. In Russian.Google Scholar
Gryaznov, MP. 1979. On the unite process of the development of the Scythian-Siberian cultures. The problems of the Scythian-Siberian historical-cultural community. Kemerovo. p 47. In Russian.Google Scholar
Gryaznov, MP. 1980. Arzhan. Leningrad: Nauka. 62 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Gryaznov, MP. 1983. The initial phase of development of the Scythian-Siberian culture. Archeology of South Siberia. Kemerovo. p 318. In Russian.Google Scholar
Klochko, VI, Murzin, VYu. 1989. About the chronology of the Chrnogorovsk-type antiquities. The problems of the archaeology of the Dnieper River basin. Dnepropetrovsk. p 6171. In Russian.Google Scholar
Klochko, VI, Skori, SA. 1993. The Steblev barrow No. 15 near Steblev town in the Poross River basin. Archaeology 2:7184. In Ukrainian.Google Scholar
Klochko, VI, Kovalyukh, NN, Skripkin, V, Motzenbecker, I. 1997. Isotope chronology of the Subotiv settlement. Radiocarbon 40(2):667–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kossack, G. 1987. Von den Anfängen des skytho-iranichen Tierstils Skythika. München: Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-historische Klasse 98:2486. In German.Google Scholar
Kurochkin, GN. 1991. The initial date of the Tagar culture. Problems of the chronology and periodization of the archaeological sites in the Southern Siberia. Barnaul. p 103–5. In Russian.Google Scholar
Kyzlasov, LR. 1979. Ancient Tuva. Moscow: Moscow University Press. 207 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Marsadolov, LS. 1984. On the sequence of the 5th Pazyryk barrows in the Altai. Archaeological Journal of the State Hermitage Museum 25:90–8. In Russian.Google Scholar
Marsadolov, LS. 1987. The chronological comparison of the Pazyryk and the Seven Brothers barrows. Archaeological Journal of the State Hermitage Museum 28:30–7. In Russian.Google Scholar
Marsadolov, LS. 1996. The history and the results of the research of the archaeological monuments of the 8th–4th c. BC in the Altai (from the initial stage up to the 1980). St. Petersburg. 88 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
Marsadolov, LS, Zaitseva, GI, Lebedeva, LM. 1994. The correlation of the dendrochronological and radiocarbon determinations for the Great barrows of the Sayan-Altai. Elite barrows of the Eurasian steppe in the Scythian-Sarumathian epoch. St. Petersburg. p 141–56. In Russian.Google Scholar
Marsadolov, LS, Zaitseva, GI, Sementsov, AA, Lebedeva, LM. 1996. The Possibility of the radiocarbon dating for the connection of the floating tree-ring scale to the calendar time. Radiocarbon and Archaeology. St. Petersburg. 1:2432. In Russian.Google Scholar
McCormac, FG, Reimer, PJ, Mallory, JP, Marsadolov, LS. 2001. The date of the Pazyryk tombs. Radiocarbon: this issue.Google Scholar
Monakhov, SYu. 1999. The Greek amphorae in the Black Sea region. The ceramic complex of the 7th–2nd c. BC. Saratov: Saratov University Press. 678 p. In Russian.Google Scholar
[NHA] Notes in the History of Art. 1991. A special issue on the dating of Pazyryk. New York. 10(4):236.Google Scholar
Polin, SV. 1994. On the chronology of the Cimmerian antiquities. Simpozion international. Masivul Traco-cimerian. Probleme actuale/Chisinau. p 5660.Google Scholar
Polin, SV. 1998. About the chronology of the early Scythian culture (according to I N Medvedskaya). Journal of Russian Archaeology 4:5063. In Russian.Google Scholar
Raev, BA. 1989. Alanian in the Eurasian steppe: the East-the West Scythia and Bosporus. Proceeding of the conference devoted to the memory of M I Rostovzev. Novocherkassk. p 116–7. In Russian.Google Scholar
Savinov, DG. 1991. The possibilities of the synchronization of the written and archaeological data to the study of the Scythian-Sauromatian cultures in the Southern Siberia. Problems of the chronology and periodization of the archaeological cultures of the Southern Siberia. Barnaul. p 93–6. In Russian.Google Scholar
Savinov, DG. 1993. To the study of the ethnic-political history of the people of the Southern Siberia during the Scythian epoch. Historical Enthography. St. Petersburg. p 128–35. In Russian.Google Scholar
Sementsov, AA, Zaitseva, GI, Görsdorf, J, Nagler, A, Parzinger, G, Bokovenko, NA, Chugunov, KV, Lebedeva, LM. 1998. Chronology of the burial finds from the Scythian monuments in Southern Siberia and Central Asia. Radiocarbon 40(2):713–20.Google Scholar
Volchak, SB, Mamontov, VI, Sazonov, AA. 1996. The early sites of the Chernogorovsk type in the Western Europe: the origin and the chronology. Historical-archaeological Almanakh. Armavir, Moscow 2: 2344. In Russian.Google Scholar
Zaitseva, GI, Possnert, G, Alekseev, AYu, Dergachev, VA. 1998. The first 14C dating of monuments in European Scythia. Radiocarbon 40(2):767–75.Google Scholar
Zaitseva, GI, Vasiliev, SS, Marsadolov, LS, Van der Plicht, J, Sementsov, AA, Dergachev, VA, Lebedeva, LM. 1998. A tree-ring and 14C chronology of the Key Sayan-Altai Monuments. Radiocarbon 40(2):571–80.Google Scholar