Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T01:19:15.447Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Changes of the CO2 Sources and Sinks in a Polluted Urban Area (Southern Poland) Over the Last Decade, Derived from the Carbon Isotope Composition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Tadeusz Kuc  and
Mirosław Zimnoch
Tadeusz Kuc
Affiliation:
University of Mining and Metallurgy, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30–059 Kraków, Poland
Mirosław Zimnoch
Affiliation:
University of Mining and Metallurgy, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30–059 Kraków, Poland
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Time series of δ14C, δ13C, and concentration of atmospheric CO2 covering the last 12 years are available at the Kraków sampling site (southern Poland) representing an urban area exposed to anthropogenic pollution of both local and regional origin. The samples represent continuous monitoring in biweekly intervals. Observations covering the time period 1983–1994 show a linear decrease of the 13C/12C ratio (δ13C = −9.6% in Jan. 1983) with a slope of −0.02% a−1. The decreasing tendency in the case of 14C (δ14C = 221% in January 1983) is weaker with a broad minimum in 1991 (δ14C = 124%) and subsequent gradual increase by ca. 10%, coinciding with a substantial reduction of coal consumption in Poland (26% reduction in 1991–1994 for heat and electricity production), partly compensated in agglomerations by increased gas consumption. The 12-year record of the CO2 concentration in Kraków points to a constant value fluctuating at a high level (average: 373 ppmv) reaching a maximum yearly average of 376 ppmv. These carbon isotope signatures were used for the separation of fossils from biogenic and “background” components, reflecting the strength of relevant sources. The monthly mean of the fossil component varies from ca. 10 ppmv in June to 27.5 ppmv in March while the yearly mean decreased ca. 16 ppmv since 1991.

Type
Part 1: Methods
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 40 , Issue 1: 16th International Radiocarbon Conference 16-20,1997 Groningen , 1997 , pp. 417 - 423
Copyright
Copyright © The American Journal of Science 

References

Allison, C. E., Francey, R. J. and Meijer, H. A. 1995 Recommendations for the reporting of stable isotope measurements of carbon and oxygen in CO2 gas. In Reference and Intercomparison Materials for Stable Isotopes of Light Elements. Proceedings of a consulting meeting held in Vienna, 1–3 December 1993. IAEA-TECDOC 825: 55–162.Google Scholar
Coplen, T. B. 1995 Reporting of stable carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen isotopic abundances. In Reference and Intercomparison Materials for Stable Isotopes of Light Elements. Proceedings of a consulting meeting held in Vienna, 1–3 December 1993. IAEA-TECDOC 825: 31–34.Google Scholar
Florkowski, T., Grabczak, J., Kuc, T. and Różański, K. 1975 Determination of radiocarbon in water by gas or liquid scintillation counting. Nukleonika 20(11–12): 1053–1066.Google Scholar
Haszpra, L. 1994 Atmospheric CO2 record from in situ measurements at K-Puszta. In Boden, T. A., Keiser, D. P., Sepanski, R. J. and Stoss, F. W., eds., Trends ‘93: A Compendium on Global Change: 161–164.Google Scholar
Keeling, C. D. 1958 The concentration and isotopic abundances of atmospheric carbon dioxide in rural areas. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 13: 322–334.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuc, T. 1991 Concentration and carbon isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2 in southern Poland. Tellus 43B: 373–378.Google Scholar
Levin, I., Graul, R. and Trivett, N. B. A. 1995 Long-term observations of atmospheric CO2 and carbon isotopes at continental sites in Germany. Tellus 47B: 23–34.Google Scholar
Levin, I. and Kromer, B. 1997 Twenty years of high-precision atmospheric 14CO2 observations at Schauinsland station, Germany. Radiocarbon 39(2): 205–218.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meijer, H. A. J., Smid, H. M., Perez, E. and Keizer, M. G. 1996 Isotopic characterisation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions using isotopic and radiocarbon analysis. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 21(5–6): 483–487.Google Scholar
Mirosław, J., Florkowski, T., Necki, J. M., Neubert, R., Schmidt, M., Zimnoch, M. and Korus, A. 1997 Isotopic composition of CO2 and CH4 in the heavily polluted urban atmosphere and in the remote mountain area (Southern Poland). In Extended Synopses, International Symposium on Isotope Techniques in the Study of Past and Currant Environmental Changes in the Hydrosphere and the Atmosphere. Vienna, IAEA-SM-349: 25–27.Google Scholar
Mook, W. G., Koopmans, M., Carter, A. F. and Keeling, C. D. 1983 Seasonal, latitudinal, and secular variations in abundance and isotopic ratios of atmospheric carbon dioxide 1. Results from land stations. Journal of Geophysical Research 88(C15): 10915–10933.Google Scholar
Mook, W. G. and Jongsma, J. 1987 Measurement of the N2O correction for 13C/12C ratios of atmospheric CO2 by the removal of N2O. Tellus 39B: 96–99.Google Scholar
Raport z Prac Fazy, I, 1995 Opracowany przez Biuro Rozwoju Krakowa we współpracy z Brookhaven National Laboratory dla Departamentu d/s Energii U.S.A., Washington D.C. 20585, Urząd Miasta Krakowa, październik 1995. [Working Report, Stage I 1995 Prepared by the Boreau for Development of Krakow in cooperation with Brookhaven National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy, Washington D.C. 20585, Krakow Town Office, October 1995.]Google Scholar
Statystyczny, Rocznik 1996 Główny Urząd Statystyczny, rok LVI. Zakład Wydawnictw Statystycznych, Warszawa. ISSN 0079–2780: 718 p.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M. and Polach, H. A. 1977 Discussion: Reporting of 14C data. Radiocarbon 19(2): 355–363.Google Scholar