Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T08:56:26.612Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Carbon Isotope Variations and Chronology of the Last Glacial-Interglacial Transition (14–9 ka BP)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

We present δ13C data from both bulk organic sediment samples and terrestrial plant macrofossils from five high-resolution sedimentary sequences from the United Kingdom from which extensive multiproxy data sets have been obtained. These span the last glacial-interglacial transition. Chronological control has been provided by radiocarbon dating and/or tephrochronology. The results demonstrate that significant shifts in bulk organic δ13C can be identified at key climatic transitions in most of the sites. The data are affected by site-specific influences that restrict their use as chronological markers. However, terrestrial plant macrofossil records are more consistent and reveal shifts that appear to be synchronous and which therefore offer a basis for interregional correlation as well as significant paleoenvironmental information.

Type
Part 2: Applications
Copyright
Copyright © The American Journal of Science 

References

Ammann, B. and Lotter, A. F. 1989 Late-Glacial radiocarbon- and palynostratigraphy on the Swiss Plateau. Boreas 18: 109126.Google Scholar
Bard, E., Hamelin, B., Arnold, M., Montaggioni, L., Cabioch, G., Faure, G. and Rougerie, F. 1996 Deglacial sea-level record from Tahiti corals and the timing of global meltwater discharge. Nature 382: 241244.Google Scholar
Becker, B., Kromer, B. and Trimborn, P. 1991 A stable-isotope tree-ring timescale of the Late Glacial/Holocene boundary. Nature 353: 647649.Google Scholar
Beerling, D. J. 1996 13C discrimination by fossil leaves during the late-glacial climate oscillation 12–10 ka bp: Measurements and physiological controls. Oecologia 108: 2937.Google Scholar
Björck, S., Kromer, B., Johnsen, S., Bennike, O., Hammarlund, D., Lemdahl, G., Possnert, G., Rasmussen, T. L., Wohlfarth, B., Hammer, C. U. and Spurk, M. 1996 Synchronised terrestrial-atmospheric deglacial records around the North Atlantic. Science 274:11551160.Google Scholar
Coope, G. R. 1977 Fossil coleopteran assemblages as sensitive indicators of climatic changes during the Devensian (Last) cold stage. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B280: 313340.Google Scholar
Coope, G. R. and Lemdahl, D. 1995 Regional differences in the Lateglacial climate of northern Europe based on coleopteran analysis. Journal of Quaternary Science 10: 391395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coplen, T. B. 1994 Reporting of stable hydrogen, carbon and oxygen isotopic abundances. Pure and Applied Chemistry 66: 273276.Google Scholar
Deines, P. 1980 The isotopic composition of reduced organic carbon. In Fritz, P. and Fontes, J.-C., eds., Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry. Volume 1. The Terrestrial Environment. Part A. Amsterdam, Elsevier: 329406.Google Scholar
Farquhar, G. D., Ehleringer, J. R. and Hubick, K.T. 1989 Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 40: 503537.Google Scholar
Grönvold, K., Oskarsson, N., Johnsen, S. J., Clausen, H. B., Hammer, C. U., Bond, G. and Bard, E. 1995 Ash layers from Iceland in the Greenland GRIP ice core correlated with oceanic and land sediments. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 135: 149155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hajdas, I., Bonani, G., Bodén, P., Peteet, D. M. and Mann, D. H. (ms.) 1997 A rise in the atmospheric 14C content at 11,000 bp – a world-wide marker for the onset of the Younger Dryas. Paper presented at the 16th International 14C Conference, Groningen, The Netherlands, 16–20 June.Google Scholar
Håkansson, S. 1986 A marked change in the stable carbon isotope ratio at Pleistocene-Holocene boundary in southern Sweden. Geologiska Foreningens i Stockholm Forhandlingar 108: 155158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hammarlund, D. 1993 A distinct δ13C decline in organic lake sediments at the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in southern Sweden. Boreas 22: 236243.Google Scholar
Harkness, D. D. and Walker, M. J. C. 1991 The Devensian Lateglacial carbon isotope record from Llanilid, South Wales. In Lowe, J. J., ed., Radiocarbon Dating: Recent Applications and Future Potential. Quaternary Proceedings No. 1. Cambridge, Quaternary Research Association: 3543.Google Scholar
Herczeg, A. L. and Fairbanks, R. G. 1987 Anomalous carbon isotope fractionation between atmospheric CO2 and dissolved inorganic carbon induced by intense photosynthesis. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 51: 895899.Google Scholar
Hollander, D. J. and McKenzie, J. A. 1991 CO2 control on carbon-isotope fractionation during aqueous photosynthesis: A paleo-pCO2 barometer. Geology 19: 929932.Google Scholar
Leavitt, S. W. and Danzer, S. R. 1992 δ13C variations in C3 plants over the past 50,000 years. In Long, A. and Kra, R. S., eds., Proceedings of the 14th International 14C Conference. Radiocarbon 34(3): 783791.Google Scholar
Lowe, J. J. 1991 Stratigraphic resolution and radiocarbon dating of Devensian Lateglacial sediments. In Lowe, J. J., ed., Radiocarbon Dating: Recent Applications and Future Potential Quaternary Proceedings No. 1. Cambridge, Quaternary Research Association:1925.Google Scholar
Lowe, J. J., Coope, G. R., Harkness, D. D., Robson, G., Sheldrick, C., Turney, C., Walker, M. J. C. and Watson, C., in press, Establishing the rate and magnitude of ecosystem responses to climatic variations during the last glacial-interglacial transition. Journal of the Geological Society. Google Scholar
Lowe, J. J., Coope, G. R., Sheldrick, C., Harkness, D. D. and Walker, M. J. C. 1995 Direct comparison of U.K. temperatures and Greenland snow accumulation rates, 15 000 – 12 000 yr ago. Journal of Quaternary Science 10: 175180.Google Scholar
Lowe, J. J. and Turney, C. S. M. 1997 Vedde Ash layer discovered in small lake basin on Scottish mainland. Journal of the Geological Society of London 154: 605612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mook, W. G. 1980 Carbon-14 in hydrogeological studies. In Fritz, P. and Fontes, J.-C., eds., Handbook of Environmental Isotope Geochemistry. Volume 1. The Terrestrial Environment. Part A. Amsterdam, Elsevier: 4974.Google Scholar
Peteet, D. 1995 Global Younger Dryas? Quaternary International 28: 93104.Google Scholar
Schleser, G. H. 1995 Parameters determining carbon isotope ratios in plants, In Frenzel, B., ed., Problems of Stable Isotopes in Tree-rings, Lake Sediments and Peat-bogs as Climatic Evidence for the Holocene. Paläoklimaforschung, Palaeoclimate Research 15. Stuttgart, Gustav Fischer Verlag: 7196.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M. and Reimer, P. J. 1993 Extended 14C data base and revised CALIB 3.0 14C age calibration program. In Stuiver, M., Long, A. and Kra, R. S., eds., Calibration 1993. Radiocarbon 35(1): 215230.Google Scholar
Turney, C. S. M., in press, Extraction of rhyolitic component of Vedde microtephra from minerogenic lake sediments. Journal of Paleolimnology. Google Scholar
Turney, C. S. M. (ms.) 1997 Isotope stratigraphy and tephrochronology of the last glacial-interglacial transition (14–9 ka bp) in the British Isles. Ph.D. thesis, University of London.Google Scholar
Vernet, J.-L., Pachiaudi, C., Bazile, F., Durand, A., Fabre, L., Heinz, C., Solari, M.-E. and Thiébault, S. 1996 Le δ13C de charbons de bois préhistoriques et historiques méditerranéeans, de 35 000 bp à l'actuel. Premiers résultats. Surface Geosciences (Paleoenvironment/Pre-history) 323: 319324.Google Scholar
Vogel, J. C. and Ehhalt, D. 1963 The use of the carbon isotopes in groundwater studies. In Radioisotopes in Hydrology. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Radioisotopes in Hydrology, Tokyo, 1963. Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency: 383395.Google Scholar
Walker, M. J. C. 1995 Climatic changes in Europe during the Last Glacial/Interglacial Transition. Quaternary International 28: 6376.Google Scholar
Walker, M. J. C., Coope, G. R. and Lowe, J. J. 1993 The Devensian (Weichselian) Lateglacial palaeoenvironmental record from Gransmoor, East Yorkshire, England. Quaternary Science Reviews 12: 659680.Google Scholar
Walker, M. J. C. and Harkness, D. D. 1990 Radiocarbon dating the Devensian Lateglacial in Britain: New evidence from Llanilid, South Wales. Journal of Quaternary Science 5: 135144.Google Scholar
Wohlfarth, B. 1996 The chronology of the last termination: A review of radiocarbon-dated, high-resolution terrestrial stratigraphies. Quaternary Science Reviews 15: 267284.Google Scholar