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CAN THE 14C PRODUCTION IN 1055 CE BE AFFECTED BY SN1054?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 August 2020

F Terrasi Open the ORCID record for F Terrasi [Opens in a new window] ,
F Marzaioli Open the ORCID record for F Marzaioli [Opens in a new window] ,
R Buompane ,
I Passariello ,
G Porzio ,
M Capano ,
S Helama ,
M Oinonen Open the ORCID record for M Oinonen [Opens in a new window] ,
P Nöjd  and
J Uusitalo
...Show all authors
F Terrasi*
Affiliation:
CIRCE, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Campania University “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, and INFN Napoli, Italy INNOVA SCaRL, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
F Marzaioli
Affiliation:
CIRCE, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Campania University “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, and INFN Napoli, Italy INNOVA SCaRL, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
R Buompane
Affiliation:
CIRCE, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Campania University “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, and INFN Napoli, Italy INNOVA SCaRL, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
I Passariello
Affiliation:
INNOVA SCaRL, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
G Porzio
Affiliation:
CIRCE, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Campania University “L. Vanvitelli”, Caserta, and INFN Napoli, Italy INNOVA SCaRL, Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
M Capano
Affiliation:
CEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Collège de France, Technopôle de l’Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, France
S Helama
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
M Oinonen
Affiliation:
Finnish Museum of Natural History–LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
P Nöjd
Affiliation:
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Espoo, Finland
J Uusitalo
Affiliation:
Finnish Museum of Natural History–LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
A J T Jull
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85721, USA University of Arizona AMS Laboratory, Tucson, AZ85721, USA Hertelendi Laboratory of Environmental Studies, Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre (ICER), Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen4026, Hungary
I P Panyushkina
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85721, USA
C Baisan
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ85721, USA
M Molnar
Affiliation:
Hertelendi Laboratory of Environmental Studies, Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre (ICER), Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen4026, Hungary
T Varga
Affiliation:
Hertelendi Laboratory of Environmental Studies, Isotope Climatology and Environmental Research Centre (ICER), Institute for Nuclear Research, Debrecen4026, Hungary
G Kovaltsov
Affiliation:
A.F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
S Poluianov
Affiliation:
Space Climate Research Unit and Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
I Usoskin
Affiliation:
Space Climate Research Unit and Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

Annually resolved radiocarbon (14C) measurements on tree rings led to the discovery of abrupt variations in 14C production attributed to large solar flares. We present new results of annual and subannual 14C fluctuations in tree rings from a middle-latitude sequoia (California) and a high-latitude pine (Finland), analyzed for the period 1030–1080 CE, to trace a possible impact of the Crab supernova explosion, occurring during the Oort minimum of solar activity. Our results indicate an increase of Δ14C around 1054/55 CE, which we estimate is higher in magnitude than the cyclic variability due to solar activity at a 2σ significance level. The net signal appears to be synchronized in the studied locations. Several sources of this event are possible including γ-rays from the Crab supernova, an unusually weak solar minimum or a solar energetic particle incident. More data are needed to provide more insight into the origin of this 14C event.

Keywords

radiocarbon AMSsupernovatree rings
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 62 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 1403 - 1418
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Copyright
© 2020 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona

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