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Pressure Knapping and the Timing of Innovation: New Chrono-Cultural Data on Prehistoric Groups of the Early Holocene in the Maghreb, Northwest Africa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 January 2020

Thomas Perrin Open the ORCID record for Thomas Perrin [Opens in a new window] ,
Tiphaine Dachy ,
Colas Guéret ,
David Lubell ,
Yasmina Chaïd-Saoudi  and
William Green
Thomas Perrin*
Affiliation:
UMR5608 TRACES, CNRS, Maison de la recherche, Université de Toulouse Jean-Jaurès, 5 allées Antonio Machado, F-31058Toulouse cedex 9, France
Tiphaine Dachy
Affiliation:
UMR5608 TRACES, CNRS, Maison de la recherche, Université de Toulouse Jean-Jaurès, 5 allées Antonio Machado, F-31058Toulouse cedex 9, France
Colas Guéret
Affiliation:
UMR7041 ArScAn, CNRS, Maison de l’Archéologie et de l’Ethnologie, 21 allée de l’Université, F-92023Nanterre Cedex, France
David Lubell
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ONN2L 3G1, Canada
Yasmina Chaïd-Saoudi
Affiliation:
Institut d’Archéologie, Université Alger 2, laboratoire de Géodynamique des Bassins Sédimentaires et des Orogènes, FSTGAT/USTHB, BP 32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers, Algeria
William Green
Affiliation:
Logan Museum of Anthropology and Department of Anthropology, Beloit College, BeloitWI53511USA
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected].
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Abstract

The early Holocene in North Africa remains a poorly known period, documented unequally by region. Eastern Algeria and Tunisia have the greatest number of deposits, but most were excavated decades ago without the controls and recording required for modern interpretation. The chronological framework is based on radiocarbon (14C) dates that are also old, for the most part. Recent work on Mesolithic lithic industries of Western Europe has enabled us to revive the hypothesis of the existence of contacts between the northern and southern shores of the western Mediterranean at least by the 6th millennium cal BC. A collective research program was conducted in 2016–2017 to test this hypothesis with a particular focus on documenting the technological traditions in the lithic industry and situating them precisely in time. We have 46 new radiocarbon dates that were recently carried out on previously excavated Algerian sites, some of which contain several levels, allowing the construction of Bayesian models. These new measures reinforce the hypothesis of contacts between Europe and Africa by demonstrating the contemporaneity of similar technological processes. Above all, they make it possible to accurately refine the chronology of the main cultural entities of the Maghreb at the beginning of the Holocene.

Keywords

chronological modelingColumnatianIberomaurusianNorth AfricaTypical CapsianUpper CapsianWestern Mediterranean
Type
Research Article
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 62 , Issue 2 , April 2020 , pp. e1 - e51
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© 2020 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona

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