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Timing of the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Iberian inland (Cardina-Salto do Boi, Côa Valley, Portugal)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 June 2020

Thierry Aubry Open the ORCID record for Thierry Aubry [Opens in a new window] ,
Luca Antonio Dimuccio ,
António Fernando Barbosa ,
Luís Luís ,
André Tomás Santos ,
Marcelo Silvestre ,
Kristina Jørkov Thomsen ,
Eike Rades ,
Martin Autzen  and
Andrew Sean Murray
Thierry Aubry*
Affiliation:
Côa Parque, Fundação para a Salvaguarda e Valorização do Vale do Côa. Rua do Museu. 5150-610Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portugal UNIARQ—Centro de Arqueologia Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras. Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214Lisboa, Portugal
Luca Antonio Dimuccio
Affiliation:
UNIARQ—Centro de Arqueologia Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras. Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214Lisboa, Portugal University of Coimbra, Centre of Studies in Geography and Spatial Planning (CEGOT), FLUC, Department of Geography and Tourism, Largo da Porta Férrea, 3004-530Coimbra, Portugal
António Fernando Barbosa
Affiliation:
Côa Parque, Fundação para a Salvaguarda e Valorização do Vale do Côa. Rua do Museu. 5150-610Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portugal
Luís Luís
Affiliation:
Côa Parque, Fundação para a Salvaguarda e Valorização do Vale do Côa. Rua do Museu. 5150-610Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portugal UNIARQ—Centro de Arqueologia Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras. Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214Lisboa, Portugal
André Tomás Santos
Affiliation:
Côa Parque, Fundação para a Salvaguarda e Valorização do Vale do Côa. Rua do Museu. 5150-610Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portugal UNIARQ—Centro de Arqueologia Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras. Alameda da Universidade, 1600-214Lisboa, Portugal
Marcelo Silvestre
Affiliation:
Côa Parque, Fundação para a Salvaguarda e Valorização do Vale do Côa. Rua do Museu. 5150-610Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portugal
Kristina Jørkov Thomsen
Affiliation:
Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, Denmark
Eike Rades
Affiliation:
Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, Denmark Nordic Laboratory for Luminescence Dating, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Risø Campus, Denmark
Martin Autzen
Affiliation:
Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, Denmark
Andrew Sean Murray
Affiliation:
Nordic Laboratory for Luminescence Dating, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Risø Campus, Denmark
*
*Corresponding author at: Côa Parque, Fundação para a Salvaguarda e Valorização do Vale do Côa, Rua do Museu, 5150-610Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Portugal. E-mail address: [email protected].
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Abstract

The timing of the Neanderthal-associated Middle Palaeolithic demise and a possible overlap with anatomically modern humans (AMH) in some regions of Eurasia continues to be debated. The Iberian Peninsula is considered a possible refuge zone for the last Neanderthals, but the chronology of the later Middle Palaeolithic record has undergone revision and has increased the debate on the timing of Neanderthal extinction. Here we report on a study of the 5-m-thick archaeological stratigraphy of the Cardina-Salto do Boi, an open-air site located in inland Iberia, from which optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages were obtained for Middle and Upper Palaeolithic occupations preserved in overbank alluvial deposits. Geomorphology, archaeostratigraphy, stone-tool evolution, and OSL dating support the persistence of Neanderthals after 41 ka in central Iberia; the transition between the Middle Palaeolithic material culture and the AMH-associated Aurignacian blade and bladelet production is estimated to lie between 34.0 ± 2.0 ka and 38.4 ± 1.9 ka. Our results demonstrate that investigations focusing on different geomorphological situations are necessary to overcome the current limitations of the evidence and to establish more consistent models for Neanderthal disappearance and AMH expansion in the Iberian Peninsula.

Keywords

NeanderthalModern HumanMiddle-to-Upper PalaeolithicIberia
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 98 , November 2020 , pp. 81 - 101
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Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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