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Site formation and chronology of the New Paleolithic Site Sima de Las Palomas de Teba, Southern Spain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Martin Kehl ,
Christoph Burow ,
Pedro Cantalejo ,
Salvador Domínguez-Bella ,
Juan José Durán ,
Felix Henselowsky ,
Nicole Klasen ,
Jörg Linstädter ,
Javier Medianero  and
Andreas Pastoors
...Show all authors
Martin Kehl*
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923 Köln, Germany
Christoph Burow
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923 Köln, Germany
Pedro Cantalejo
Affiliation:
Investigador Doctor, Grupo PAI-HUM-440, Spain
Salvador Domínguez-Bella
Affiliation:
Área de Cristalografía y Mineralogía, Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
Juan José Durán
Affiliation:
Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), C/ Ríos Rosas, 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain
Felix Henselowsky
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923 Köln, Germany
Nicole Klasen
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923 Köln, Germany
Jörg Linstädter
Affiliation:
Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923 Köln, Germany
Javier Medianero
Affiliation:
Investigador Doctor, Grupo PAI-HUM-440, Spain
Andreas Pastoors
Affiliation:
Stiftung Neanderthal Museum, Talstrasse 300, 40822 Mettmann, Germany
José Ramos
Affiliation:
Área de Prehistoria, Departamento de Historia, Geografía y Filosofía, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Cádiz, Avda Gómez Ulla, s/n, 11003 Cádiz, Spain
Klaus Reicherter
Affiliation:
Neotectonics and Natural Hazards, RWTH Aachen University, Lochnerstrasse 4-20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
Christoph Schmidt
Affiliation:
Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Albertus Magnus Platz, 50923 Köln, Germany Chair of Geomorphology, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
Gerd-Christian Weniger
Affiliation:
Stiftung Neanderthal Museum, Talstrasse 300, 40822 Mettmann, Germany
*
⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address:[email protected] (M. Kehl), [email protected] (C. Burow), [email protected] (P. Cantalejo), [email protected] (S. Domínguez-Bella), [email protected] (J.J. Durán), [email protected] (F. Henselowsky), [email protected] (N. Klasen), [email protected] (J. Linstädter), [email protected] (J. Medianero), [email protected] (A. Pastoors), [email protected] (J. Ramos), [email protected] (K. Reicherter), [email protected] (C. Schmidt), [email protected] (G.-C.Weniger).
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Abstract

The newly identified Paleolithic site Sima de Las Palomas de Teba hosts an almost seven-m-thick sediment profile investigated here to elucidate the rock shelter's chronostratigraphy and formation processes. At its base, the sediment sequence contains rich archeological deposits recording intensive occupation by Neanderthals. Luminescence provides a terminus ante quem of 39.4 ± 2.6 ka or 44.9 ± 4.1 ka (OSL) and 51.4 ± 8.4 ka (TL). This occupation ended with a rockfall event followed by accumulation of archeologically sterile sediments. These were covered by sediments containing few Middle Paleolithic artifacts, which either indicate ephemeral occupation by Neanderthals or reworking as suggested by micromorphological features. Above this unit, scattered lithic artifacts of undiagnostic character may represent undefined Paleolithic occupations. Sediment burial ages between about 23.0 ± 1.5 ka (OSL) and 40.5 ± 3.4 ka (pIRIR) provide an Upper Paleolithic chronology for sediments deposited above the rockfall. Finally, a dung-bearing Holocene layer in the uppermost part of the sequence contains a fragment of a human mandible dated to 4032 ± 39 14C yr BP. Overall, the sequence represents an important new site for studying the end of Neanderthal occupation in southern Spain.

Keywords

Neanderthal occupationSite formation processesMicromorphologyLuminescence dating
Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 85 , Issue 2 , March 2016 , pp. 313 - 331
Copyright
University of Washington

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