Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T20:21:45.591Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Selection of Sites for Paleovegetational Studies1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

G. L. Jacobson Jr.  and
R. H. W. Bradshaw
G. L. Jacobson Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Institute for Quaternary Studies, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469
R. H. W. Bradshaw
Affiliation:
Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The judicious selection of sites for paleovegetational and paleoclimatic studies permits paleoecologists to answer specific research questions that go beyond primary descriptions of past vegetation. We present a model that describes the relationship between basin size and pollen source area and predicts the proportions of local, extralocal, and regional pollen sampled by lake basins of different size. The distinctive sampling properties of lakes, peats, and small hollows can be exploited to provide details of pattern in paleovegetation so long as attention is given to the limitations and problems of these types of sites. Combinations of site types in a single study most fully exploit the information contained in sediments.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , July 1981 , pp. 80 - 96
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

The authors contributed equally to the paper.

References

Aaby, B., Tauber, H. (1975). Rates of peat formation in relation to degree of humification and local environment, as shown by studies of a raised bog in Denmark. Boreas 4, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersen, S.T. (1970). The relative pollen productivity and pollen representation of north European trees, and correction factors for tree pollen spectra. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse, Raekke 2 96, 1–99.Google Scholar
Andersen, S.T. (1975). The Eemian freshwater deposit at Egernsund, South Jylland, and the Eemian landscape development in Denmark. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse Arbog 49–701974.Google Scholar
Andersen, S.T. (1978). Local and regional vegetational development in eastern Denmark in the Holocene. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse Arbog 5–271976.Google Scholar
Andersen, S.T. (1979). Brown earth and podzol: Soil genesis illuminated by microfossil analysis. Boreas 8, 59–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anthony, R.S. (1977). Iron-rich rhythmically laminated sediments in Lake of the Clouds, northeastern Minnesota. Limnology and Oceanography 22, 45–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckett, S.C. (1979). Pollen influx in peat deposits: Values from raised bogs in the Somerset Levels, South-western England. New Phytologist 83, 839–847.Google Scholar
Berglund, B. (1979). Paleohydrological changes in the temperate zone in the last 15,000 years. Subproject B. Lake and mire environments. International Geological Correlation Programme, Project 158Lund.Google Scholar
Bernabo, J.C., Webb, T. (1977). Changing patterns in the Holocene pollen record of northeastern North America: A mapped summary. Quaternary Research 8, 64–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birks, H.H. (1973). Modern macrofossil assemblages in lake sediments in Minnesota. In “Quaternary Plant Ecology. (Birks, H.J.B., West, R.G., Eds.), pp. 173–189. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Birks, H.J.B. (1976). Late-Wisconsin vegetational history at Wolf Creek, Central Minnesota. Ecological Monographs 46, 395–429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birks, H.J.B. (1981). Late-Wisconsinan vegetational and climatic history at Kylen Lake, northeastern Minnesota. [Manuscript].Google Scholar
Birks, H.J.B., Deacon, J., Peglar, S.M. (1975). Pollen maps for the British Isles 5000 years ago. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B 189, 97–105.Google Scholar
Bonny, A.P. (1976). Recruitment of pollen to the seston and sediment of some Lake District lakes. Journal of Ecology 64, 859–887.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonny, A.P. (1978). The effect of pollen recruitment processes on pollen distribution over the sediment surface of a small lake in Cumbria. Journal of Ecology 66, 385–416.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, R.H.W. (1978). Modern Pollen Representation Factors and Recent Woodland History in S.E. England. Ph.D. thesis Cambridge University.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, R.H.W. (1981). Modern pollen representation factors for woods in south-east England. Journal of Ecology 69, 45–70.Google Scholar
Broecker, W.S., Kulp, J.L. (1956). The radiocarbon method of age determination. American Antiquity 22, 1–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brubaker, L.B. (1975). Postglacial forest patterns associated with till and outwash in north-central Upper Michigan. Quaternary Research 5, 499–527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crowder, A.A., Cuddy, D.G. (1973). Pollen in a small river basin: Wilton Creek, Ontario. In “Quaternary Plant Ecology.”. (Birks, H.J., West, R.G., Eds.), pp. 61–77. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Currier, P.J., Kapp, R.D. (1974). Local and regional pollen rain components at Davis Lake, Montcalm County, Michigan. The Michigan Academician 7, 211–225.Google Scholar
Cushing, E.J. (1964). Redeposited pollen in Late Wisconsin pollen spectra from east-central Minnesota. American Journal of Science 262, 1075–1088.Google Scholar
Cushing, E.J. (1967). Evidence for differential pollen preservation in late Quaternary sediments in Minesota. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 4, 87–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, M.B. (1960). A late-glacial pollen diagram from Taunton, Massachusetts. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 87, 258–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, M.B. (1968). Pollen grains in lake sediments: Redeposition caused by seasonal water circulation. Science 162, 796–799.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, M.B. (1969). Climatic changes in southern Connecticut recorded by pollen deposition at Rogers Lake. Ecology 50, 409–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, M.B. (1973). Redeposition of pollen grains in lake sediment. Limnology and Oceanography 18, 44–52.Google Scholar
Davis, M.B. (1976). Pleistocene biogeography of temperate deciduous forests. Geoscience and Man 13, 13–26.Google Scholar
Davis, M.B., Brubaker, L.B. (1973). Differential sedimentation of pollen grains in lakes. Limnology and Oceanography 18, 635–646.Google Scholar
Davis, R.B. (1974). Stratigraphic effects of tubificids in profundal lake sediments. Limnology and Oceanography 19, 466–488.Google Scholar
Davis, R.B., Brewster, L.A., Sutherland, J. (1969). Variation in pollen spectra within lakes. Pollen et Spores 11, 557–572.Google Scholar
Davis, R.B., Bradstreet, J.E., Stuckenrath, R., Borns, H.W. Jr. (1975). Vegetation and associated environments during the past 14,000 years near Moulton Pond, Maine. Quaternary Research 5, 435–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeGeer, G. (1912). A geochronology of the last 12,000 years. 11th International Geological Congress. Stockholm (1910). Compte Rendu 1, 241–258.Google Scholar
Dimbleby, G.W. (1962). The development of British heathlands and their soils. Oxford Forestry Memoirs 23.Google Scholar
Donner, J.J., Alhonen, P., Eronen, J., Jungner, H., Vuorela, L. (1978). Biostratigraphy and radiocarbon dating of the Holocene Lake sediments of Tyotjarvi and the peats in the adjoining bog Varrassuo west of Lahti in Southern Finland. Annales Botanici Fennici 15, 258–280.Google Scholar
Faegri, K. (1971). The preservation of sporopollenin membranes under natural conditions. In “Sporopollenin.” (Brooks, J., Grant, P.R., Muir, M., van Gijzel, P., Shaw, G., Eds.) pp. 256–270. Academic Press, New York/London.Google Scholar
Faegri, K. (1974). Quaternary pollen analysis—Past, present, and future. Advances in Pollen Spore Research 1, 62–69.Google Scholar
Flenley, J.R. (1974). The use of modern pollen rain samples in the study of the vegetational history of tropical regions. In “Quaternary Plant Ecology.” (Birks, H.J.B., West, R.G. Eds.) pp. 131–141. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Godwin, H. (1958). Pollen analysis in mineral soil. An interpretation of a podzol pollen-analysis by Dr. G. W. Dimbleby. Flora 146, 321–327.Google Scholar
Godwin, H., Tallantire, P.A. (1951). Studies in the post-glacial history of British vegetation. XII. Hockham Mere, Norfolk. Journal of Ecology 39, 285–307.Google Scholar
Green, D.G. (1976). Nova Scotian Forest History—Evidence from Statistical Analysis of Pollen Data. Ph.D. thesis Dalhousie University.Google Scholar
Guillet, B. (1970). Etude palynologique des podzols. I. La podzolisation sur alluvions anciennes en Lorraine. Pollen et Spores 12, 45–69.Google Scholar
Guillet, B. (1972). Relation entre l'histoire de la vegetation et la podzolization dans les Vosges. Diss. Nancy. C.N.R.S. No. 7640.Google Scholar
Havinga, A.J. (1968). Some remarks on the interpretation of a pollen diagram of a podsol profile. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 17, 1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Havinga, A.J. (1974). Problems in the interpretation of pollen diagrams of mineral soils. Geologie en Mijnbouw 53, 449–453.Google Scholar
Heusser, L.E., Balsam, W.L. (1977). Palynological studies in the western arm of Lake Superior. Quaternary Research 7, 45–62.Google Scholar
Heusser, L.E., Shackelton, N. (1979). Direct marine-continental correlation: 150,000 year oxygen isotope-pollen record from the North Pacific. Science 204, 837–839.Google Scholar
Iversen, J. (1936). Sekundares Pollen als Fehlerquelle. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse, Raekke 4 2, 3–24.Google Scholar
Iversen, J. (1964). Retrogressive vegetational succession in the post-glacial. Journal of Ecology 52, 59–70[Suppl.].Google Scholar
Iversen, J. (1969). Retrogressive development of a forest ecosystem demonstrated by pollen diagrams from fossil mor. Oikos 12, 35–49[Suppl.].Google Scholar
Jacobson, G.L. Jr. (1975). A Palynological Study of the History and Ecology of White Pine in Minesota. Ph.D. thesis University of Minnesota.Google Scholar
Jacobson, G.L. Jr. (1979). The palaeoecology of white pine (Pinus strobus) in Minnesota. Journal of Ecology 67, 697–726.Google Scholar
Janssen, C.R. (1966). Recent pollen spectra from the deciduous and coniferous deciduous forests of Northeastern Minnesota: A study in pollen dispersal. Ecology 47, 804–825.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janssen, C.R. (1967). A postglacial pollen diagram from a small Typha swamp in northwestern Minnesota, interpreted from pollen indicators and surface samples. Ecological Monographs 37, 145–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janssen, C.R. (1973). Local and regional pollen deposition. In Quaternary Plant Ecology. (Birks, H.J.B., West, R.G. Eds.), pp. 31–42. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Kryzywinski, K. (1977). Different pollen deposition mechanisms in forest: A simple model. Grane 16, 199–202.Google Scholar
Lehman, J.T. (1975). Reconstructing the rate of accumulation of lake sediment: The effect of sediment focusing. Quaternary Research 5, 541–550.Google Scholar
Lenk, C., Miller, N.G., Bradshaw, R.H.W. (1980). Reconstructed forest history from pollen in soils buried by windthrows. In “Abstracts, 5th International Palynological Conference, Cambridge.” 215.Google Scholar
Ludlam, S.D. (1967). Fayetteville Green Lake, New York. 3. The laminated sediments. Limnology and Oceanography 14, 848–857.Google Scholar
Maher, L.J. Jr. (1963). Pollen analyses of surface materials from the southern San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 74, 1485–1504.Google Scholar
Maher, L.J. Jr. (1977). Palynological studies in the Western Arm of Lake Superior. Quaternary Research 7, 14–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Markgraf, V. (1980). Pollen dispersal in a mountain area. Grana 19, 127–146.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAndrews, J.H. (1966). Postglacial history of prairie, savanna, and forest in northwestern Minesota. Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club 22, 1–72.Google Scholar
McAndrews, J.H., Power, D.M. (1973). Palynology of the Great Lakes: The surface sediments of Lake Ontario. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 10, 777–792.Google Scholar
Muller, P.E. (1884). Studies over Skovjord Som Bidrag til Skovdyrkiningens Theori. II. Om Muld og Mor i Egeskove og Paa Heder. Tidsskrift for Skogbruk 7, 1–232.Google Scholar
Munaut, A.V. (1967). Recherches paleo-ecologiques en Basse et Moyenne Belgique. Acta Geographica Louvain 6, 1–191.Google Scholar
Oldfield, F. (1970). Some aspects of scale and complexity in pollen-analytically based paleoecology. Pollen et Spores 12, 163–172.Google Scholar
O'Sullivan, P.E. (1973). Pollen analysis of mor humus layers from a native Scots pine ecosystem, interpreted with surface samples. Oikos 24, 259–272.Google Scholar
Parsons, R.W., Prentice, I.C., Saarnisto, M. (1980). Statistical studies on pollen representation in Finnish lake sediments in relation to forest inventory data. Annales Botanici Fennici 17, 379–393.Google Scholar
Peck, R.M. (1973). Pollen budget studies in a small Yorkshire catchment. In “Quaternary Plant Ecology.” (Birks, H.J.B., West, R.G., Eds.) pp. 43–60. Blackwell, Oxford.Google Scholar
Pennington, W. (1965). The interpretation of some post-glacial vegetation diversities at different Lake District sites. Proceedings of the Royal Society London, Series B 310–323.Google Scholar
Pennington, W., Tutin, Mrs.T.G. (1979). The origins of pollen in lake sediments: An enclosed lake compared with one receiving inflow streams. New Phytologist 83, 189–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Post, L. (1916). Forest tree pollen in south Sweden peatbog strata sequences. Pollen et Spores 9, 375–401[1967, Translated by M. B. Davis].Google Scholar
Saarnisto, M., Huttunen, P., Tolonen, K. (1977). Annual lamination of sediments in Lake Lovojarvi, southern Finland during the past 600 years. Annales Botanici Fennici 14, 35–45.Google Scholar
Stockmarr, J. (1975). Retrogressive forest development, as reflected in a mor pollen diagram from Mantingerbos, Drenthe, the Netherlands. Palaeohistoria 17, 38–48.Google Scholar
Swain, A.M. (1973). A history of fire and vegetation in northeastern Minnesota as recorded in lake sediments. Quaternary Research 3, 383–396.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Swain, A.M. (1980). Landscape patterns and forest history in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area, Minnesota: A pollen study from Hug Lake. Ecology 61, 747–754.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tauber, H. (1965). Differential pollen dispersion and the interpretation of pollen diagrams. Danmarks Geologiske Undersoegelse, Raekke 2 89, 1–69.Google Scholar
Tauber, H. (1977). Investigations of aerial pollen transport in a forested area. Dansk Botanisk Arkiv 32.Google Scholar
Tippett, R. (1964). An investigation into the nature of the layering of deep-water sediments in two eastern Ontario lakes. Canadian Journal of Botany 42, 1693–1709.Google Scholar
Turner, J. (1964). Surface sample analysis from Ayrshire, Scotland. Pollen et Spores 6, 583–592.Google Scholar
Turner, J. (1970). Post-Neolithic disturbance of British vegetation. In “Studies in the Vegetation History of the British Isles.” (Walker, D., West, R.G., Eds.) pp.97–116. Cambridge University Press, London/New York.Google Scholar
Vuorela, I. (1977). Pollen grains indicating culture in peat, mud and till. Grana 16, 211–214.Google Scholar
Vuorinen, J., Tolonen, K. (1975). Flandrian pollen deposition in Lake Pappilanlampi, eastern Finland. Publication of the University of Joensuu, (B II) 3, 1–12.Google Scholar
Walker, D. (1966). The late-Quaternary history of the Cumberland Lowlands. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series B 25, 1–210.Google Scholar
Watts, W.A. (1971). Postglacial and interglacial vegetation history of southern Georgia and central Florida. Ecology 52, 676–690.Google Scholar
Watts, W.A. (1978). Plant macrofossils and Quaternary paleoecology. In “Biology of Quaternary Environments.” (Walker, D., Guppy, J.C., Eds.) pp. 53–67. Canberra.Google Scholar
Watts, W.A., Bright, R.C. (1968). Pollen, seeds, and mollusc analysis of a sediment core from Pickerel Lake, Day County, South Dakota. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 79, 855–876.Google Scholar
Webb, T. III, Bryson, R.A. (1972). Late- and postglacial climatic change in the northern midwest, USA: Quantitative estimates derived from fossil pollen spectra by multivariate statistical analysis. Quaternary Research 2, 70–115.Google Scholar
Webb, T. III, Laseski, R.A., Bernabo, J.C. (1978). Sensing vegetational patterns with pollen data: Choosing the data. Ecology 59, 1151–1163.Google Scholar
Wright, H.E. Jr. (1971). Late quaternary vegetational history of North America. In “Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages.” (Turekian, K.K., Eds.) pp. 425–464. Yale Univ. Press, New Haven, Conn.Google Scholar
Wright, H.E. Jr., Watts, W.A. (1969). Glacial and Vegetational History of Northeastern Minnesota Minnesota Geological Survey, St. Paul.Google Scholar