Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T18:02:39.389Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

New Faunal and Isotopic Evidence on the Late Weichselian—Holocene Oceanographic Changes in the Norwegian Sea1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Hans Petter Sejrup ,
Eystein Jansen ,
Helmut Erlenkeuser  and
Hans Holtedahl
Hans Petter Sejrup
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Department B, University of Bergen, Allegt, 41, 5000 Bergen-University, Norway
Eystein Jansen
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Department B, University of Bergen, Allegt, 41, 5000 Bergen-University, Norway
Helmut Erlenkeuser
Affiliation:
Institute of Nuclear Physics, 14C-Laboratory, University of Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40-60, D-2300 Kiel, West Germany
Hans Holtedahl
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, Department B, University of Bergen, Allegt, 41, 5000 Bergen-University, Norway
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Downcore studies of planktonic and benthonic foraminifera and δ18O and δ13C in the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sin.) in two piston cores from the southern part of the Norwegian Sea suggest large changes in the oceanic circulation pattern at the end of oxygenisotope stage 2 and in the early part of stage 1. Prior to oxygen-isotope Termination IA (16,000–13,000 yr B.P.), an isolated watermass with lower oxygen content and temperature warmer than today existed below a low salinity ice-covered surface layer in the Norwegian Sea. Close to Termination IA, well-oxygenated deep water, probably with positive temperatures, was introduced. This deep water, which must have had physical and/or chemical parameters different from those of present deep water in the Norwegian Sea, could have been introduced from the North Atlantic or been formed within the basin by another mechanism than that which forms the present deep water of the Norwegian Sea. A seasonal ice cover in the southern part of the Norwegian Sea is proposed for the period between Termination IA and the beginning of IB (close to 10,000 yr B.P.). The present situation, with strong influx of warm Atlantic surface-water and deep-water formation by surface cooling, was established at Termination IB.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 21 , Issue 1 , January 1984 , pp. 74 - 84
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

Contribution No. 414 of the Sonderforchungsbereich 95 “Interaction Sea-Sea Bottom” from the University of Kiel.

References

Andersen, B.G., Sejrup, H.P., Kirkhus, Ø. (1983). Eemian and Weichselian deposits at Bø on Karmøy, SW Norway: A preliminary report Norges Geologiske Undersøkelse 380, 189–201 Google Scholar
Belanger, P.E. (1982). Paleo-oceanography in the Norwegian Sea during the past 130,000 yr: Coccolithophorid and foraminiferal data Boreas 11, 29–36 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belanger, P.E., Streeter, S.S. (1980). Distribution and ecology of benthic foraminifera in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea Marine Micropaleontology 5, 401–425 Google Scholar
Berger, W.H. (1978). Oxygen-18 stratigraphy in deepsea sediments: Additional evidence for the deglacial meltwater effect Deep-Sea Research 25, 473–480 Google Scholar
Broecker, W.S. (1981). Glacial to interglacial changes in ocean chemistry Progress in Oceanography 11, 151–179 Google Scholar
Duplessy, J.C., Chenouard, L., Vila, F. (1975). Weyl's theory of glaciation supported by isotopic study of Norwegian Sea core K 11 Science 188, 1208–1209 Google Scholar
Duplessy, J.C., Delibiras, G., Turon, J.L., Pujol, C., Duprat, J. (1981). Deglacial warming of the northeastern Atlantic Ocean: Correlation with the paloclimatic evolution of the European continent Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoeology 35, 121–144 Google Scholar
Duplessy, J.C., Moyes, J., Pujol, C. (1980). Deep water formation in the North Atlantic Ocean during the last Ice Age Nature (London) 286, 479–482 Google Scholar
Jansen, E., Sejrup, H. P., Fjæran, T., Hald, M., Holtedahl, H., and Skarbo, O. (in press). Late Weichselian paleoceanography of the southeastern Norwegian Sea. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift .Google Scholar
Jones, G.A., Ruddiman, W.F. (1982). Assessing the global meltwater spike Quaternary Research 17, 148–177 Google Scholar
Kellogg, T.B. (1976). Late Quaternary climatic changes: Evidence from deep-sea cores of Norwegian and Greenland seas Investigation of Late Quaternary Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Cline, R.M., Hays, J.E., Geological Society of America Memoir 145, 77–110 Google Scholar
Kellogg, T.B. (1977). Paleoclimatology and paleoceanography of the Norwegian and Greenland seas: The last 450,000 yr Marine Micropaleontology 2, 235–249 Google Scholar
Kellogg, T.B. (1980). Paleoclimatology and Paleoceanography of the Norwegian and Greeland seas: Glacial-interglacial contrasts Boreas 9, 115–137 Google Scholar
Kellogg, T.B., Duplessy, J.C., Shackleton, N.J. (1978). Planktonic foraminiferal and oxygen isotopic stratigraphy and paleoclimatology of Norwegian Sea deep-sea-cores Boreas 7, 61–73 Google Scholar
Kroopnich, P. (1980). The distribution of 13C in the Atlantic Ocean Earth and Planetary Science Letters 49, 469–484 Google Scholar
Lagoe, M.B. (1977). Recent benthonic foraminifera from the central Arctic Ocean Journal of Foraminiferal Research 7, 106–129 Google Scholar
Mangerud, J. (1977). Late Weichselian marine sediments containing shells, foraminifera and pollen at Ågotnes, western Norway Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 57, 23–54 Google Scholar
Mangerud, J. (1981). The early and middle Weichselian in Norway: A review Boreas 10, 381–393 Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., Lie, S. E., Furnes, H., Kristiansen, I. L., and Lømo, L. (in press). A younger Dryas ash bed in western Norway, with possible correlations to the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic. Quaternary Research .Google Scholar
Miller, G.H., Sejrup, H.P., Mangerud, J., Andersen, B.G. (1983). Amino acid ratios in Quaternary molluses and foraminifera from western Norway: Correlation, geochronology and paleotemperatures estimates Boreas 12, 107–124 Google Scholar
Mosby, H. (1959). Deep water in the Norwegian Sea Geofysiske Publikasioner 21, 3 Google Scholar
Newell, R.E. (1974). Changes in the poleward energy flux by the atmosphere and ocean as a possible cause for ice ages Quaternary Research 4, 117–127 Google Scholar
Phleger, F.B., Parker, F.L., Peirson, J.F. (1953). North Atlantic foraminifera Reports of the Swedish Deep-Sea Expedition 7, 1–122 Google Scholar
Ruddiman, W.F., McIntyre, A. (1976). Northeast Atlantic paleoclimatic changes over the past 600,000 yr Investigations of Late Quaternary Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology Cline, R.M., Hays, J.D., Geological Society of America Memoir 145, 111–146 Google Scholar
Ruddiman, W.F., Sancetta, C.D., McIntyre, A. (1977). Glacial/interglacial response rate of subpolar North Atlantic waters to climatic change: The record in oceanic sediments Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B 280, 119–142 Google Scholar
Sarnthein, M., Erlenkeuser, H., and Zahn, R. (in press). Termination I: The response of continental climate in the subtropics as recorded in deep-sea sediments. Bulletin of the Institut de Geologie du Bassin d'Aquitane .Google Scholar
Schnitker, D. (1974). West Atlantic abyssal circulation during the past 120,000 years Nature (London) 248, 385–387 Google Scholar
Schnitker, D. (1979). The deep water of the western North Atlantic during the past 24,000 years, and the reinitiation of the western boundary undercurrent Marine Micropaleontology 4, 265–280 Google Scholar
Sejrup, H.P., Fjæran, T., Hald, M., Beck, L., Hagen, J., Miljeteig, I., Morvik, I., Norvik, O. (1981). Benthonic foraminifera in surface samples from the Norwegian continental margin between 62°N and 65°N Journal of Foraminiferal Research 11, 4 277–295 Google Scholar
Sejrup, H.P., Holtedahl, H., Norvik, O., Miljeteig, I. (1980). Benthonic foraminifera as indicators of the paleoposition of the Subarctic Convergence in the Norwegian-Greenland Sea Boreas 9, 203–207 Google Scholar
Shackleton, N.J. (1974). Attainment of isotopic equilibrium between ocean water and the benthonic foraminifera genus Uvigerina: Isotopic changes in the ocean during the last glacial Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Colloques Internationaux 219, Google Scholar
Shackleton, N.J. (1977). The oxygen isotope stratigraphic record of the late Pleistocene Philosphical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 3280, 169–182 Google Scholar
Shackleton, N. J., Imbrie, J., and Hall, M. A. (in press). Oxygen and carbon isotope record of Core V 19–30: Implications for the formation of deep water in the late Pleistocene North Atlantic. Earth and Planetary Science Letters .Google Scholar
Streeter, S.S. (1973). Bottom water and benthonic foraminifera in the North Atlantic: glacial-interglacial contrasts Quaternary Research 3, 131–141 Google Scholar
Streeter, S.S., Belanger, P.E., Kellogg, T.B., Duplessy, J.C. (1982). Late Pleistocene Paleo-Oceanography of the Norwegian-Greenland sea: Benthic foraminiferal evidence Quaternary Research 18, 72–90 Google Scholar
Streeter, S.S., Shackleton, N.J. (1979). Paleocirculation of the deep North Atlantic; 150,000-Year record of benthic foraminifera and oxygen-18 Science 203, 168–173 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sælen, O.H. (1963). Studies in the Norwegian Atlantic current. Part II: Investigations during the years 1954–1959 in an area west of Stad Geofysiske Publikasjoner 23, Google Scholar
Weyl, P.K. (1968). The role of the oceans in climatic change: A theory of the ice ages Meteorological Monographs 8, 30, 37–62.Google Scholar