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The “missing glaciations” of the Middle Pleistocene

Part of: 50th Anniversary issue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 February 2020

Philip D. Hughes Open the ORCID record for Philip D. Hughes [Opens in a new window] ,
Philip L. Gibbard  and
Jürgen Ehlers
Philip D. Hughes*
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, School of Environment, Education and Development, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, United Kingdom
Philip L. Gibbard
Affiliation:
Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1ER, United Kingdom
Jürgen Ehlers
Affiliation:
Hellberg 2a, D-21514Witzeeze, Germany
*
*Corresponding author e-mail address: [email protected] (P.D. Hughes).
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Abstract

Global glaciations have varied in size and magnitude since the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition (~773 ka), despite the apparent regular and high-amplitude 100 ka pacing of glacial–interglacial cycles recorded in marine isotope records. The evidence on land indicates that patterns of glaciation varied dramatically between different glacial–interglacial cycles. For example, Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 8, 10, and 14 are all noticeably absent from many terrestrial glacial records in North America and Europe. However, globally, the patterns are more complicated, with major glaciations recorded in MIS 8 in Asia and in parts of the Southern Hemisphere, such as Patagonia, for example. This spatial variability in glaciation between glacial–interglacial cycles is likely to be driven by ice volume changes in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and associated interhemispheric connections through ocean–atmosphere circulatory changes. The weak global glacial imprint in some glacial–interglacial cycles is related to the pattern of global ice buildup. This is caused by feedback mechanisms within glacial systems themselves that partly result from long-term orbital changes driven by eccentricity.

Keywords

ice agesglacial cyclesorbital forcingSaalianWolstonianIllinoianQuaternary stratigraphy
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 96: 50th Anniversary Issue , July 2020 , pp. 161 - 183
Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2020

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