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Hydroclimatic Change in Southern Manitoba Since A.D. 1409 Inferred from Tree Rings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Scott St. George  and
Erik Nielsen
Scott St. George*
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Canada, 360-1395 Ellice Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3G 3P2
Erik Nielsen
Affiliation:
Manitoba Geological Survey, 360-1395 Ellice Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3G 3P2
*
1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: (204) 945-1406. E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

A record of estimated annual (prior August to current July) precipitation derived from a regional bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa Michx.) tree-ring chronology indicates that southern Manitoba's hydroclimate has been relatively stable over the last 200 yr. Although this stability was interrupted briefly by pronounced wet intervals in the late A.D. 1820s and 1850s, hydroclimatic conditions since permanent Euro-Canadian settlement were much less variable and persistent than those prior to A.D. 1790. The reconstruction indicates that the Red River basin experienced extremely dry conditions between A.D. 1670 and 1775, with below-normal precipitation occurring approximately 2 years out of 3. Annual precipitation was estimated at more than two standard deviations below the mean during A.D. 1477, 1485, 1556, 1595, 1612, 1644, 1661, 1743, 1900, and 1980. Comparisons with limnological records from North Dakota and Minnesota suggest that multidecadal fluctuations in regional hydroclimate have been remarkably coherent across the northeastern Great Plains during the last 600 yr. However, individual dry years in the Red River basin were usually associated with larger scale drought across much of the North American interior.

Keywords

Canadian PrairiesdendrochronologyManitobapalaeoclimatepalaeohydrologyprecipitationQuercus macrocarpatree rings
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 58 , Issue 2 , September 2002 , pp. 103 - 111
Copyright
University of Washington

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