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Holocene Relative Sea Level Changes along the Seattle Fault at Restoration Point, Washington

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Brian L. Sherrod ,
Robert C. Bucknam  and
Estella B. Leopold
Brian L. Sherrod
Affiliation:
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
Robert C. Bucknam
Affiliation:
U.S. Geological Survey, Golden, Colorado, 80401
Estella B. Leopold
Affiliation:
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195
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Abstract

At a marsh on the hanging wall of the Seattle fault, fossil brackish water diatom and plant seed assemblages show that the marsh lay near sea level between ∼7500 and 1000 cal yr B.P. This marsh is uniquely situated for recording environmental changes associated with past earthquakes on the Seattle fault. Since 7500 cal yr B.P., changes in fossil diatoms and seeds record several rapid environmental changes. In the earliest of these, brackish conditions changed to freshwater ∼6900 cal yr B.P., possibly because of coseismic uplift or beach berm accretion. If coseismic uplift produced the freshening ∼6900 cal yr B.P., that uplift probably did not exceed 2 m. During another event about 1700 cal yr B.P., brackish plant and diatom assemblages changed rapidly to a tidal flat assemblage because of either tectonic subsidence or berm erosion. The site then remained a tideflat until the most recent event, when an abrupt shift from tideflat diatoms to freshwater taxa resulted from ∼7 m of uplift during an earthquake on the Seattle fault ∼1000 cal yr B.P. Regardless of the earlier events, no Seattle fault earthquake similar to the one ∼1000 cal yr B.P. occurred at any other time in the past 7500 years.

Keywords

relative sea levelHoloceneearthquakesdiatomsseeds
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 54 , Issue 3 , November 2000 , pp. 384 - 393
Copyright
University of Washington

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