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Central Andean (28–34°S) flood record 0–25 ka from Salinas del Bebedero, Argentina

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 April 2022

Jay Quade ,
Elad Dente ,
Alyson Cartwright ,
Adam Hudson ,
Sebastian Jimenez-Rodriguez  and
David McGee
Jay Quade*
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
Elad Dente
Affiliation:
Shamir Research Institute and the Department of Marine Geosciences, L.H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel Geological Survey of Israel, 32 Yesha'ayahu Leibowitz St., Jerusalem, 96921, Israel
Alyson Cartwright
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA Eclipse Mining Technologies, 3602 E Fort Lowell Rd., Tucson, AZ, 85716
Adam Hudson
Affiliation:
US Geological Survey, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Denver, CO, 80225, USA
Sebastian Jimenez-Rodriguez
Affiliation:
Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
David McGee
Affiliation:
Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
*
*Corresponding author email address: <[email protected]>
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Abstract

The Salinas del Bebedero occupies an isolated basin in the foreland of central Argentina at 33°S and was flooded repeatedly over past 25 ka. Isotopic evidence demonstrates that this flooding was due to overflow of the nearby Río Desaguadero with waters derived from the distant (≥300 km) central Andes between 28–34°S. Stratigraphic and shoreline evidence shows that floods occurred most frequently from 14.3 to 11.4 ka, followed by lesser events between 14.3 to 11.4 ka, and during the late Holocene from 2.6 to ca. 0.2 ka. Hydraulic modeling (2D HEC-RAS) shows that these floods could have originated from repeated subglacial drainage or sudden outbursts with a volume of >100 × 106 m3 and a peak discharge of >1,000 m3 s-1 each. The absence of flood deposits from 11 to 3 ka points to exceptionally dry and virtually ice-free conditions in the Andes between 28–34°S. The floods were probably caused by major rainfall or dammed-lake outbursts clustered largely during wet pluvial periods in the otherwise moisture-limited central Andes and Atacama Desert, such as when the Intertropical Convergence Zone was shifted southward. These include Central Andean pluvial events (CAPE) I (17–14.5 ka) and II (12.5–9 ka), and the Neoglacial/Formative archeological period 2500 ka to near-present.

Keywords

BebederoFloodsCentral AndesOxygen isotopes
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 109 , September 2022 , pp. 102 - 127
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Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2022

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Footnotes

This article has been updated since its initial publication. For details, see DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2022.40

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