Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T13:17:52.403Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ecological variations in diatom assemblages in the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake linked with global and Indian monsoon climate changes for the last 600,000 years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Tatsuya Hayashi ,
Yoshihiro Tanimura ,
Yoshihiro Kuwahara ,
Masao Ohno ,
Mami Mampuku ,
Rie Fujii ,
Harutaka Sakai ,
Toshiro Yamanaka ,
Takeshi Maki  and
Masao Uchida
...Show all authors
Tatsuya Hayashi*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Paleontology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3-23-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
Yoshihiro Tanimura
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Paleontology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3-23-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
Yoshihiro Kuwahara
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Changes, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Masao Ohno
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Changes, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Mami Mampuku
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Changes, Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies, Kyushu University, Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
Rie Fujii
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Harutaka Sakai
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
Toshiro Yamanaka
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
Takeshi Maki
Affiliation:
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Natsushima, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
Masao Uchida
Affiliation:
Environmental Chemistry Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8560, Japan
Wataru Yahagi
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Toyama University, Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
Hideo Sakai
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, Toyama University, Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
*
⁎Corresponding author. Fax: +81 3 3364 7104. E-mail address:[email protected] (T. Hayashi).
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Variations in fossil diatom assemblages and their relationship with global and Indian monsoon climate changes for the last 600,000 yr were investigated using a core of ancient lake (Paleo-Kathmandu Lake) sediments drilled at the Kathmandu Basin, Nepal Himalaya. Chronological scales of the core were constructed by tuning pollen wet and dry index records to the SPECMAP δ18O stack record. Examinations of biogenic silica contents and fossil diatom assemblages revealed that variations in productivity and compositions of diatom assemblages were closely linked with global and Indian monsoon climate changes on glacial and interglacial time scales. When summer monsoonal rainfall increased during interglacials (interstadials), diatom productivity increased because of increased inputs of terrestrial nutrients into the lake. When summer monsoonal rainfall reduced and/or winter monsoonal aridification enhanced during glacials (stadials), productivity of the diatoms decreased and lake-level falling brought about changes in compositions of diatom assemblages. Monospecific assemblages by unique Cyclotella kathmanduensis and Puncticulata versiformis appeared during about 590 to 390 ka. This might be attributed to evolutionary fine-tuning of diatom assemblages to specific lake environmental conditions. Additionally, low-amplitude precessional variations in monsoon climate and less lake-level changes may have also allowed both species to dominate over the long periods.

Keywords

Paleo-Kathmandu LakeNepal HimalayaMiddle to late PleistoceneIndian monsoonFossil diatomMonospecific diatom assemblageBiogenic silica contentProductivityComposition of diatom assemblage
Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 72 , Issue 3 , November 2009 , pp. 377 - 387
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, D.M., and Prell, W.L. A 300 kyr record of upwelling off Oman during the late Quaternary — evidence of the Asian southwest monsoon. Paleoceanography 8, (1993). 193–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bassinot, F.C., Beaufort, L., Vincent, E., Labeyrie, L.D., Rostek, F., Müller, P.J., Quidelleur, X., and Lancelot, Y. Coarse fraction fluctuations in pelagic carbonate sediments from the tropical Indian Ocean: a 1500-kyr record of carbonate dissolution. Paleoceanography 9, (1994). 579–600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bradbury, J.P. Continental diatoms as indicators of long-term environmental change. Stoermer, E.F., and Smol, J.P. The Diatoms: Application for the Environmental and Earth Sciences. (1999). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 169–182.Google Scholar
Broecker, W.S. Terminations. Berger, A., Imbrie, J., Kukla, G., and Saltzman, B. Milankovitch and Climate, Part II. (1984). D. Reidel, Norwell, Mass. 687–698.Google Scholar
Broecker, W.S., and van Donk, J. Insolation changes, ice volumes, and the O18 record in deep-sea cores. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics 8, (1970). 169–198.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brönmark, C., and Hansson, L. -A. The Biology of Lakes and Ponds. (1998). Oxford University Press, Oxford. 232 Google Scholar
Clemens, S.C., and Prell, W.L. Late Pleistocene variability of Arabian Sea summer monsoon winds and dust source-area aridity: Eolian records from the lithogenic component of deep-sea sediments. Paleoceanography 5, (1990). 109–145.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clemens, S.C., and Prell, W.L. One million year record of summer monsoon winds and continental aridity from the Owen Ridge (Site 722), northwest Arabian Sea. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results 117, (1991). 365–388.Google Scholar
Clemens, S.C., and Prell, W.L. A 350,000 year summer-monsoon multi-proxy stack from the Owen Ridge, Northern Arabian Sea. Marine Geology 201, (2003). 35–51.Google Scholar
Clemens, S.C., Murray, D.W., and Prell, W.L. Nonstationary phase of the Plio-Pleistocene Asian monsoon. Science 274, (1996). 943–948.Google Scholar
Clemens, S., Prell, W., Murray, D., Shimmield, G., and Weedon, G. Forcing mechanisms of the Indian Ocean monsoon. Nature 353, (1991). 720–725.Google Scholar
Colman, S.M., Peck, J.A., Karabanov, E.B., Carter, S.J., Bradbury, J.P., King, J.W., and Williams, D.F. Continental climate response to orbital forcing from biogenic silica records in Lake Baikal. Nature 378, (1995). 769–771.Google Scholar
Conley, D.J., and Schelske, C.L. Biogenic silica. Smol, J.P., Birks, J.B., and Last, W.M. Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments. (2001). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. 281–293.Google Scholar
Droxler, A.W., Alley, R.B., Howard, W.R., Poore, R.Z., and Burckle, L.H. Unique and exceptionally long interglacial Marine Isotope Stage 11: window into earth warm future climate. Droxler, A.D., Poore, R.Z., and Burckle, L.H. Earth's Climate and Orbital Eccentricity: the Marine Isotope Stage 11 Question. (2003). AGU, Washington, DC. 1–14.Google Scholar
Droxler, A.W., and Farrell, J.W. Marine Isotope Stage 11 (MIS 11): new insights for a warm future. Global and Planetary Change 24, (2000). 1–5.Google Scholar
Finkel, R.C., Owen, L.A., Barnard, P.L., and Caffee, M.W. Beryllium-10 of Mount Everest moraines indicates a strong monsoon influence and glacial synchroneity throughout the Himalaya. Geology 31, (2003). 561–564.Google Scholar
Fujii, R. (2002). Changes in Indian monsoon and tectonics of the Central Himalaya during the last 2.5 myr. Ph.D. Dissertation, Kyushu University, Japan., pp. 101.Google Scholar
Goodbred, S.L. Response of the Ganges dispersal system to climate change: a source-to-sink view since the last interstade. Sedimentary Geology 162, (2003). 83–104.Google Scholar
Goodbred, S.L., and Kuehl, S.A. Enormous Ganges-Brahmaputra sediment discharge during strengthened early Holocene monsoon. Geology 28, (2000). 1083–1086.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayashi, T. (2007). Middle to Late Pleistocene monsoonal environmental changes reconstructed by fossil diatom analyses of the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake sediments, Nepal Himalaya. Ph. D. Dissertation, Kyushu University, Japan., pp. 219.Google Scholar
Hayashi, T., Tanimura, Y., and Sakai, H. A preliminary report on the study of fossil diatoms in the drilled core from the Paleo-Kathmandu Lake. Japanese Journal of Chikyu Monthly 24, (2002). 359–362. (In Japanese) Google Scholar
Hayashi, T., Tanimura, Y., and Sakai, H. Puncticulata versiformis sp. nov. and Cyclotella kathmanduensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), new fossil species from middle Pleistocene lacustrine sediments, Kathmandu, Nepal Himalaya. Journal of Phycology 43, (2007). 304–318.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, G.E. The paradox of the plankton. American Naturalist 95, (1961). 137–144.Google Scholar
Huybers, P., and Wunsch, C. A depth-derived Pleistocene age model: uncertainty estimates, sedimentation variability, and nonlinear climate change. Paleoceanography (2004). 19 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002PA000857Google Scholar
Imbrie, J., Hays, J.D., Martinson, D.G., McIntyre, A., Mix, A.C., Morley, J.J., Pisias, N.G., Prell, W.L., and Shackleton, N.J. The orbital theory of Pleistocene climate: support from a revised chronology of the marine δ18O record. Berger, A.L. Milankovitch and Climate, Part I. (1984). Reidel, Dordrecht. 269–305.Google Scholar
Jenkins, G.M., and Watts, D.G. Spectral Analysis and Its Applications. (1968). Holden Day, San Francisco. 523 Google Scholar
Juyal, N., Chamyal, L.S., Bhandari, S., Bhushan, R., and Singhvi, A.K. Continental record of the southwest monsoon during the last 130 ka: evidence from the southern margin of the Thar Desert, India. Quaternary Science Reviews 25, (2006). 2632–2650.Google Scholar
Khursevich, G.K., Karabanov, E.B., Prokopenko, A.A., Williams, D.F., Kuzmin, M.I., Fedenya, S.A., and Gvozdkov, A.A. Insolation regime in Siberia as a major factor controlling diatom production in Lake Baikal during the past 800,000 years. Quaternary International 80–81, (2001). 47–58.Google Scholar
Kutzbach, J.E. Monsoon climate of the early Holocene: climate experiment with the earth's orbital parameters for 9000 years ago. Science 214, (1981). 59–61.Google Scholar
Kutzbach, J.E., and Guetter, P.J. The influence of changing orbital parameters and surface boundary conditions on climate simulations for the past 18,000 years. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 94, (1986). 18,393–18,407.Google Scholar
Kutzbach, J.E., and Street-Perrott, A.F. Milankovitch forcing of fluctuations in the level of tropical lakes from 18 to 0 kyr BP. Nature 317, (1985). 130–314.Google Scholar
Kuwae, M., Yoshikawa, S., and Inouchi, Y. A diatom record for the past 400 ka from Lake Biwa in Japan correlates with global paleoclimatic trends. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 183, (2002). 261–274.Google Scholar
Laskar, J. The chaotic motion of the solar system: a numerical estimate of the chaotic zones. Icarus 88, (1990). 266–291.Google Scholar
Laskar, J., Robutel, P., Joutel, F., Gastineau, M., Correia, A.C.M., and Levrard, B. A long-term numerical solution for the insolation quantities of the Earth. Astronomy & Astrophysics 428, (2004). 261–285.Google Scholar
Leuschner, D.C., and Sirocko, F. Orbital insolation forcing of the Indian Monsoon — a motor for global climate changes?. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 197, (2003). 83–95.Google Scholar
Lisiecki, L.E., and Raymo, M.E. A Pliocene–Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records. Paleoceanography 20, (2005). PA1003 http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001071Google Scholar
Maki, T. (2005). Reconstruction of continuous paleoclimatic records in Lake Baikal and Kathmandu Valley during the Late Miocene and Pleistocene: an approach from palynological study. Ph. D. Dissertation, Kyushu University, Japan., pp. 168.Google Scholar
Mampuku, M., Yamanaka, T., Sakai, H., Fujii, R., Maki, T., Uchida, M., Sakai, H., Yahagi, W., and Tsutsumi, H. Organic geochemical study of continuous lacustrine sediments obtained from Kathmandu Valley, central Himalaya: interpretation of paleoenvironmental changes in the late Quaternary using bulk organic matter analyses. Himalayan Journal of Science 2, (2004). 203–204. (extended abstract) Google Scholar
Mortlock, R.A., and Froelich, P.N. A simple method for the rapid determination of biogenic opal in pelagic marine sediments. Deep-Sea Research 36, (1989). 1415–1426.Google Scholar
Paillard, D., Labeyrie, L., and Yiou, P. Macintosh program performs time-series analysis. EOS 77, (1996). 379 Google Scholar
Pianka, E.R. The structure of lizard communities. Annual Reviews Ecology and Systematics 4, (1973). 53–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prell, W.L., and Kutzbach, J.E. Monsoon variability over the past 150,000 years. Journal of Geophysical Research 92, (1987). 8411–8425.Google Scholar
Prell, W.L., Murray, D.W., Clemens, S.C., and Anderson, D.M. Evolution and variability of the Indian Ocean summer monsoon: evidence from the Western Arabian Sea Drilling Program. Duncan, R.A., Rea, D.K., Kidd, R.B., von Rad, U., and Weissel, J.K. Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean. (1992). AGU, Washington, DC. 447–469.Google Scholar
Prokopenko, A.A., Karabanov, D.F., Williams, D.F., Kuzmin, M.I., Shackleton, N.J., Crowhurst, S.J., Peck, J.A., Gvozdkov, A.N., and King, J.W. Biogenic silica record of the Lake Baikal response to climate forcing during the Brunhes. Quaternary Research 55, (2001). 123–132.Google Scholar
Prokopenko, A.A., Williams, D.F., Kuzmin, M.I., Karabanov, E.B., Khursevich, G.K., and Peck, J.A. Muted climate variations in continental Siberia during the mid-Pleistocene epoch. Nature 418, (2002). 65–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raymo, M.E. The timing of major climate terminations. Paleooceanography 12, (1997). 577–585.Google Scholar
Reimer, P.J., Baillie, M.G.L., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J.W., Bertrand, C.J.H., Blackwell, P.G., Buck, C.E., Burr, G.S., Cutler, K.B., Damon, P.E., Edwards, R.L., Fairbanks, R.G., Friedrich, M., Guilderson, T.P., Hogg, A.G., Hughen, K.A., Kromer, B., McCormac, F.G., Manning, S.W., Ramsey, C.B., Reimer, R.W., Remmele, S., Southon, J.R., Stuiver, M., Talamo, S., Taylor, F.W., van der Plicht, J., and Weyhenmeyer, C.E. IntCal04 Terrestrial radiocarbon age calibration, 26–0 ka BP. Radiocarbon 46, (2004). 1029–1058.Google Scholar
Rostek, F., Ruhland, G., Bassinot, F.C., Müller, P.J., Labeyrle, L.D., Lancelot, Y., and Bard, E. Reconstructing sea surface temperature and salinity using δ18O and alkenone records. Nature 364, (1993). 319–321.Google Scholar
Sakai, H. The Kathmandu Basin: an archive of Himalayan uplift and past monsoon climate. Journal of Nepal Geological Society 25, (2001). 1–8. (special issue) Google Scholar
Sakai, H. Danuwargaun Fault as trigger for draining of the Palaeo-Kathmandu Lake, central Nepal. Journal of Nepal Geological Society 25, (2001). 89–92. (special issue) Google Scholar
Sakai, H. Stratigraphic division and sedimentary facies of the Kathmandu Basin Group, central Nepal. Journal of Nepal Geological Society 25, (2001). 19–32. (special issue) Google Scholar
Sakai, H., Fujii, R., Kuwahara, Y., Upreti, B.N., and Shrestha, S.D. Core drilling of the basin-fill sediments in the Kathmandu Valley for palaeoclimatic study: preliminary results. Journal of Nepal Geological Society 25, (2001). 9–18. (special issue) Google Scholar
Sakai, H., Sakai, H., Yahagi, W., Fujii, R., Hayashi, T., and Upreti, B.N. Pleistocene rapid uplift of the Himalayan frontal ranges recorded in the Kathmandu and the Siwalik basins. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 241, (2006). 16–27.Google Scholar
Stoermer, E.F. Comparison of benthic diatom communities in Lake Michigan and Lake Superior. Verhandlungen der Internationalen Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie 19, (1975). 932–938.Google Scholar
Stoermer, R.F., and Edlund, M.B. No paradox in the plankton? — diatom communities in large lakes. Mayama, S., Idei, M., and Koizumi, I. Fourteenth International Diatom Symposium. (1999). Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein. 49–61.Google Scholar
Strickland, J.D.H., and Parsons, T.R. A practical handbook of sea water analysis. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 167, (1968). 49–62.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M., and Reimer, P.J. Extended 14C database and revised CALIB radiocarbon calibration program. Radiocarbon 35, (1993). 215–230.Google Scholar
Thompson, L.G., Yao, T., Davis, M.E., Henderson, K.A., Mosley-Thompson, E., Lin, P.-N., Synal, H.-A., Cole-Dao, J., and Bolzan, J.F. Tropical climate instability: the last glacial cycle from a Qinghai-Tibetan ice core. Science 276, (1997). 1821–1825.Google Scholar
Van Campo, E., Duplessy, J.C., and Rossignol-Strick, M. Climatic conditions deduced from a 150-kyr oxygen isotope-pollen record from the Arabian Sea. Nature 296, (1982). 56–59.Google Scholar
Williams, D.F., Peck, J., Karabanov, E.B., Prokopenko, A.A., Kravchinsky, V., King, J., and Kuzmin, M.I. Lake Baikal record of continental climate response to orbital insolation during the past 5 million years. Science 278, (1997). 1114–1117.Google Scholar
Wolin, J.A., and Duthie, H.C. Diatoms as indicators of water level change in freshwater lakes. Stoermer, E.F., and Smol, J.P. The Diatoms: Applications for the Environmental and Earth Sciences. (1999). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 183–202.Google Scholar
Xiao, J., Inouchi, Y., Kondo, Y., Liu, T., and An, Z. Biogenic silica record in Lake Biwa of Central Japan over the past 145,000 years. Quaternary Research 47, (1997). 277–283.Google Scholar