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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 April 2016
Correlation radiotelescopes have become increasingly important in the last few years in all types of astronomical observations. These instruments operate by multiplying (correlating) the outputs of two separate aerials in order to provide a composite antenna with a range of aerial spacings and orientations. As a general rule this range of spacings is truncated at both the largest and smallest spacings, the largest spacing being determined by the area available or by the cost of the system, and the lowest spacing by either cross coupling between the multiplying elements (as in the Mills Cross type) or by the geometrical size of the elements (as in the compound interferometer type).