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Validation of a pre-coded food diary used among 13-year-olds: comparison of energy intake with energy expenditure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Lene F Andersen ,
Magnhild L Pollestad ,
David R Jacobs Jr ,
Arne Løvø  and
Bo-Egil Hustvedt
Lene F Andersen*
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
Magnhild L Pollestad
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
David R Jacobs Jr
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Arne Løvø
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
Bo-Egil Hustvedt
Affiliation:
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, POB 1046 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
*
*Corresponding author: Email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective

To validate energy intake (EI) estimated from pre-coded food diaries against energy expenditure (EE) measured with a validated position-and-movement monitor (ActiReg®) in groups of 13-year-old Norwegian schoolchildren.

Design

Two studies were conducted. In study 1 the monitoring period was 4 days; participants recorded their food intake for four consecutive weekdays using food diaries and wore the ActiReg® during the same period. In study 2 the monitoring period was 7 days; participants recorded their food intake for four consecutive days but wore the ActiReg® for a whole week.

Settings

Participants were recruited from grade 8 in a school in and one outside Oslo (Norway).

Subjects

Forty-one and 31 participants from study 1 and 2, respectively, completed the study.

Results

The group average EI was 34% lower than the measured EE in study 1 and 24% lower in study 2. The width of the 95% confidence limits of agreement in a Bland–Altman plot for EI and EE varied from -0.2 MJ to 8.2 MJ in study 1 and from -2.3 MJ to 6.9 MJ in study 2. The Pearson correlation coefficients between reported energy intake and expenditure were 0.47 (P = 0.002) in study 1 and 0.74 (P < 0.001) in study 2.

Conclusion

The data showed that there was substantial variability in the accuracy of the food diary at the individual level. Furthermore, the diary underestimated the average energy intake. The ability of the food diary to rank individuals according to energy intake was found to be good in one of the studies and moderate in the other.

Keywords

Energy intakeEnergy expenditureFood diaryValidation
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 8 , Issue 8 , December 2005 , pp. 1315 - 1321
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2005

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