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Food variety, socioeconomic status and nutritional status in urban and rural areas in Koutiala (Mali)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 June 2009

Anne Hatløy ,
Jesper Hallund ,
Modibo M Diarra  and
Arne Oshaug
Anne Hatløy*
Affiliation:
Fafo Institute for Applied Social Science, Box 2947 Tøyen, N-0608 Oslo, Norway:
Jesper Hallund
Affiliation:
Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1958 Fredriksberg C, Denmark:
Modibo M Diarra
Affiliation:
Institut National de Recherche en Santé Publique, Bamako Box 1046, Mali:
Arne Oshaug
Affiliation:
Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo 0316, Oslo, Norway
*
* Email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyse the associations between the food variety score (FVS), dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutritional status of children, and to assess the associations between FVS, DDS and socioeconomic status (SES) on a household level. The study also assessed urban and rural differences in FVS and DDS.

Design: Cross-sectional studies in 1994/95, including a simplified food frequency questionnaire on food items used in the household the previous day. A socioeconomic score was generated, based on possessions in the households. Weight and height were measured for all children aged 6–59 months in the households, and anthropometric indices were generated.

Subjects and setting: Three hundred and twenty-nine urban and 488 rural households with 526 urban and 1789 rural children aged 6–59 months in Koutiala County, Sikasso Region, Mali.

Results: Children from urban households with a low FVS or DDS had a doubled risk (OR>2) for being stunted and underweight. Those relations were not found in the rural area. There was an association between SES and both FVS and DDS on the household level in both areas. The FVS and DDS in urban households with the lowest SES were higher than the FVS and DDS among the rural households with the highest SES.

Conclusions: Food variety and dietary diversity seem to be associated with nutritional status (weight/age and height/age) of children in heterogeneous communities, as our data from urban areas showed. In rural areas, however, this association could not be shown. Socioeconomic factors seem to be important determinants for FVS and DDS both in urban and rural areas. FVS and DDS are useful variables in assessing the nutritional situation of households, particular in urban areas.

Keywords

Food VarietyDietary diversitySocioeconomic factorsNutritional statusAnthropometryMaliAfrica
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 57 - 65
Copyright
Copyright © Public Health Nutrition 2000

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