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Breast-feeding in a UK urban context: who breast-feeds, for how long and does it matter?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Charlotte M Wright ,
Kathryn Parkinson  and
Jane Scott
Charlotte M Wright*
Affiliation:
Department of Child Health, Glasgow University, PEACH Unit, QMH Tower, Yorkhill Hospitals, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK
Kathryn Parkinson
Affiliation:
Department of Child Health, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Jane Scott
Affiliation:
Department of Human Nutrition, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK
*
*Corresponding author: Email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objective

To investigate what factors relate most strongly to breast-feeding duration in order to successfully support breast-feeding mothers.

Design

Prospective birth cohort study using questionnaires, routinely collected weights and health check at age 13 months.

Setting

Gateshead, UK.

Subjects

Parents of 923 term infants born in a defined geographical area and recruited shortly after birth, 50% of whom were breast-feeding initially.

Results

Only 225 (24%) infants were still breast-fed at 6 weeks, although 136 (15%) continued beyond 4 months. Infants in the most affluent quintile were three times more likely to be initially breast-fed (P < 0.001) and five times more likely to still be feeding at 4 months (P = 0.001) compared with infants in the most deprived quintile. A third of breast-fed infants were given supplementary feeds in the maternity unit and this was associated with a 10-fold increase in odds of giving up breast-feeding by discharge (P = 0.001). Frequent feeding was reported as a reason for giving up in 70% of mothers at 6 weeks and 55% at 4 months. Those infants who stopped breast-feeding earliest showed the most rapid weight gain and were tallest at age 13 months. Non-breast-fed infants had 50% more family doctor contacts up to age 4 months (P = 0.005).

Conclusions

Initiation of breast-feeding in urban Britain remains strongly determined by socio-economic background and early cessation seems to be related to frequent feeding and rapid growth as well as a continuing failure to eradicate health practices that undermine breast-feeding. Those infants not receiving breast milk suffered increased morbidity, but the apparent association between breast-feeding duration and growth probably reflects reverse causation.

Keywords

Breast-feedingMaternity wards practiceSocial deprivationGrowthMorbidity
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 9 , Issue 6 , September 2006 , pp. 686 - 691
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2006

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