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The Choice of Constraints in Correspondence Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2025

Harvey Goldstein
Harvey Goldstein*
Affiliation:
University of London Institute of Education
*
Requests for reprints should be sent to Harvey Goldstein, Institute of Education, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H OAL, ENGLAND.
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Abstract

A discussion of alternative constraint systems has been lacking in the literature on correspondence analysis and related techniques. This paper reiterates earlier results that an explicit choice of constraints has to be made which can have important effects on the resulting scores. The paper also presents new results on dealing with missing data and probabilistic category assignment.

Keywords

constraint systemscorrespondence analysisdual scalingmissing dataoptimal scalingprobabilistic category assignment
Type
Original Paper
Information
Psychometrika , Volume 52 , Issue 2 , March 1987 , pp. 207 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 The Psychometric Society

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Footnotes

I am most grateful to the following for their helpful comments. Arto Demirjian, Michael Greenacre, Michael Healy, Shizuhiko Nishisato, Roderick Mcdonald, and several anonymous referees.

References

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