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A study of depressive typologies using grade of membership analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Jonathan Davidson ,
Max A. Woodbury ,
Susan Pelton  and
Ranga Krishnan
Jonathan Davidson*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Max A. Woodbury
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Susan Pelton
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Ranga Krishnan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Jonathan Davidson, De-partmeant of Psychiatry. V.A. Medical Center, Fulton Street, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
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Synopsis

Grade of Membership (GOM) analysis, a multivariate technique for studying disease, was used to explore depressive typology and relationships between depression and anxiety. One hundred and ninety patients with RDC diagnoses of major or minor depression were assessed by the Hamilton and SCL-90 symptom rating scales, the Newcastle diagnostic indices for endogenous depression and for anxiety and depression. Demographic, family and treatment response information were used as external validators.

Five pure types provided the most satisfactory solution to these data. One group corresponded to classical melancholia, occurring in older, stable, in-patients, who lacked panic-phobic symptoms. All patients with agoraphobia fell into two distinct in-patient and out-patient groups, which differed from each other in several ways. In one group, a link was found between panic attacks, agitated melancholia and familial pure depression. The second group was less symptomatic and had more atypical vegetative symptoms.

Two more groups comprised mildly symptomatic, hypochondriacal, depression, and a highly neurotic, obsessive, anxious, non-phobic depression, which was commonly related to a physical stressor.

Type
Research Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 18 , Issue 1 , February 1988 , pp. 179 - 189
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

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