Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T22:59:29.908Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Relatives and depressive relapse: the critical period after discharge from in-patient treatment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Hans O. F. Veiel  and
Christine Kühner
Hans O. F. Veiel*
Affiliation:
Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, West Germany
Christine Kühner
Affiliation:
Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, West Germany
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr H. O. F. Veiel, Central Institute of Mental Health, PO Box 5970, D-6800 Mannheim I, West Gremany.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

In a sample of 60 remitted depressed in-patients, the power of three basic parameters of the social support network – Kin Support Network Size; Non-kin Support Network Size; and Satisfaction with Support – to predict depressive symptom levels seven months after discharge was examined. The results suggest that even positive, supportive family relationships can have a distinctly detrimental effect, and that a depressed in-patient's return to his or her family represents a crucial period for the further course of the disorder. The findings are discussed with respect to the social support literature and the ‘Expressed Emotion’ concept. It is held that neither paradigm provides an adequate explanation, and alternative mediating mechanisms are suggested.

Type
Preliminary Communication
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , November 1990 , pp. 977 - 984
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Alloway, R. & Bebbington, P. (1987). The buffer theory of social support – a review of the literature. Psychological Medicine 17, 91–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Billings, A. G. & Moos, R. H. (1985 a). Life stressors and social resources affect posttreatment outcomes among depressed patients. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 94 140–153.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Billings, A. G. & Moos, R. H. (1985 b) Psychosocial processes of remission in unipolar depression: comparing depressed patients with matched community controls. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 53 314–325.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Broadhead, W. E., Kaplan, B. H., James, S. A., Wagner, E. H., Schoenbach, V. J., Grimson, R., Heyden, S., Tibblin, G. & Gehlbach, S. H. (1983). The epidemiologic evidence for a relationship between social support and health. Journal of Epidemiology 117 521–537.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, G. W., Andrews, B., Harris, T., Adler, Z. & Bridge, L. (1986). Social support, self-esteem and depression. Psychological Medicine 16 813–831.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, S. & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin 98 310–357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coyne, J. C. & DeLongis, A. (1986). Going beyond social support: The role of social relationships in adaptation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 54 454–460.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heitzmann, C. A. & Kaplan, R. M. (1988). Assessment of methods for measuring social support. Health Psychology 7 75–109.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hooley, J. M. (1985). Expressed Emotion: a review of the critical literature. Clinical Psychology Review 5 119–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hooley, J. M., Orley, J. & Teasdale, J. D. (1986). Levels of expressed emotion and relapse in depressed patients. British Journal of Psychiatry 148 642–647.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hughes, M. & Gove, W. (1981). Living alone, social integration and mental health. American Journal of Sociology 87 48–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kobasa, S. C. O. & Puccetti, M. C. (1983). Personality and social resources in stress resistance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45 839–850.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuipers, L. & Bebbington, P. (1988). Expressed emotion research in schizophrenia: theoretical and clinical implications. Psychological Medicine 18 893–909.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leavy, R. L. (1983). Social support and psychological disorder: a review. Journal of Community Psychology 11 3–21.3.0.CO;2-E>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MacPhillamy, D. J. & Lewinsohn, P. M. (1982). The pleasant events schedule: studies on reliability, validity, and scale intercorrelation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 50 363–380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchell, R. E. & Trickett, E. J. (1980). Task force report: social networks as mediators of social support. An analysis of the effects of social networks. Community Mental Health Journal 16 27–44.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pearlin, L. I. (1985). Social structure and processes of social support. In Social Support and Health (ed. Cohen, S. & Syme, S. L.), pp. 43–60. Academic Press: New York.Google Scholar
Rook, K. S. (1984). The negative side of social interaction: impact on psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46 1097–1108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Tardy, C. H. (1985). Social support measurement. American Journal of Community Psychology 13 187–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaughn, C. E. & Leff, J. P. (1976). The measurement of expressed emotion in the families of psychiatric patients. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 15 157–165.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Veiel, H. O. F. (1987). Das Mannheimer Interview zur Sozialen Unterstützung. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie 16 442–443.Google Scholar
Veiel, H. O. F. (1990). The Mannheim Interview on Social Support: reliability and validity data from three different samples. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology (in the press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Veiel, H. O. F., Brill, G., Häfner, H. & Welz, R. (1988). The social support of suicide attempters: the different roles of family and of friends. American Journal of Community Psychology 16 839–861.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wing, J. K., Cooper, J. E. & Sartorius, N. (1974). Measurement and Classification of Psychiatric Symptoms. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge.Google Scholar
Wortman, C. B. & Lehman, D. R. (1985). Reactions to victims of life crises: support attempts that fail. In Social Support: Theory, Research and Applications (ed. Sarason, I. G. & Sarason, B. R.), pp. 463–490. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers: Den Haag.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, M. & Coryell, W. (1988). The validity of a self-report questionnaire for diagnosing major depressive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 45 738–740.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zimmerman, M., Coryell, W., Corenthal, C. & Wilson, S. (1986). A self-report scale to diagnose major depressive disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry 43 1076–1081.Google Scholar