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Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2014

P. C. Donaghy ,
J. T. O'Brien  and
A. J. Thomas
P. C. Donaghy*
Affiliation:
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
J. T. O'Brien
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
A. J. Thomas
Affiliation:
Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
*
* Address for correspondence: Dr P. C. Donaghy, Level 3, Biomedical Research Building, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, UK. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

The clinical condition of dementia is now recognized as a diagnosis that can only be applied too late in the disease process to be useful for therapeutic approaches centring on disease modification. As a result, in recent years increasing attention has been given to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the diagnosis of prodromal dementia. This paper reviews the evidence for the clinical presentation of prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).

Method

A Medline search was carried out to identify articles with original data on the prodromal presentation of DLB.

Results

In MCI cohorts that progress to dementia, the proportion diagnosed with DLB is similar to that reported in dementia cohorts. Prodromal DLB may present as any MCI subtype, although visuospatial and executive domains may be most commonly affected. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD), autonomic symptoms, hyposmia, hallucinations and motor symptoms seem to be more common in prodromal DLB than in prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). Some of these symptoms can precede the diagnosis of DLB by several years. There has been little research into the use of biomarkers in prodromal DLB, although in RBD cohorts, clinical and imaging biomarkers have been associated with the development of DLB.

Conclusions

The evidence available suggests that prodromal DLB may be differentiated from other dementia prodromes in most cases. Further research is needed to confirm this, and to assess the utility of biomarkers such as 123I-FP-CIT and 123I-MIBG imaging.

Keywords

Dementia with Lewy bodiesmild cognitive impairmentprodromalREM sleep behaviour disorder
Type
Review Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 45 , Issue 2 , January 2015 , pp. 259 - 268
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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