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Differential patterns of brain activation between hoarding disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder during executive performance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2019

Maria Suñol ,
Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín ,
Maria Picó-Pérez ,
Clara López-Solà ,
Eva Real ,
Miquel Àngel Fullana ,
Jesús Pujol ,
Narcís Cardoner ,
José Manuel Menchón  and
Pino Alonso
...Show all authors
Maria Suñol
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Ignacio Martínez-Zalacaín
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Maria Picó-Pérez
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Clara López-Solà
Affiliation:
Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Mental Health, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí-i3PT, Sabadell, Spain
Eva Real
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
Miquel Àngel Fullana
Affiliation:
Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Clínic-Institute of Neurosciences, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Jesús Pujol
Affiliation:
Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain MRI Research Unit, Radiology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
Narcís Cardoner
Affiliation:
Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Mental Health, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí-i3PT, Sabadell, Spain Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
José Manuel Menchón
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Pino Alonso
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Carles Soriano-Mas*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute – IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain Carlos III Health Institute, Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental – CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
*
Author for correspondence: Carles Soriano-Mas, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Preliminary evidence suggests that hoarding disorder (HD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may show distinct patterns of brain activation during executive performance, although results have been inconclusive regarding the specific neural correlates of their differential executive dysfunction. In the current study, we aim to evaluate differences in brain activation between patients with HD, OCD and healthy controls (HCs) during response inhibition, response switching and error processing.

Methods

We assessed 17 patients with HD, 18 patients with OCD and 19 HCs. Executive processing was assessed inside a magnetic resonance scanner by means of two variants of a cognitive control protocol (i.e. stop- and switch-signal tasks), which allowed for the assessment of the aforementioned executive domains.

Results

OCD patients performed similar to the HCs, differing only in the number of successful go trials in the switch-signal task. However, they showed an anomalous hyperactivation of the right rostral anterior cingulate cortex during error processing in the switch-signal task. Conversely, HD patients performed worse than OCD and HC participants in both tasks, showing an impulsive-like pattern of response (i.e. shorter reaction time and more commission errors). They also exhibited hyperactivation of the right lateral orbitofrontal cortex during successful response switching and abnormal deactivation of frontal regions during error processing in both tasks.

Conclusions

Our results support that patients with HD and OCD present dissimilar cognitive profiles, supported by distinct neural mechanisms. Specifically, while alterations in HD resemble an impulsive pattern of response, patients with OCD present increased error processing during response conflict protocols.

Keywords

Brain activationexecutive functionhoarding disorderneuroimagingobsessive-compulsive disorder
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 50 , Issue 4 , March 2020 , pp. 666 - 673
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019

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