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Early adult mental health, functional and neuropsychological outcomes of young people who have reported psychotic experiences: a 10-year longitudinal study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2020

Eleanor Carey Open the ORCID record for Eleanor Carey [Opens in a new window] ,
Diane Gillan ,
Colm Healy ,
Niamh Dooley ,
Dónal Campbell ,
Josen McGrane ,
Aisling O'Neill ,
Helen Coughlan ,
Mary Clarke  and
Ian Kelleher
...Show all authors
Eleanor Carey*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland
Diane Gillan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Colm Healy
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin
Niamh Dooley
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland
Dónal Campbell
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin Department of Psychology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
Josen McGrane
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin
Aisling O'Neill
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland
Helen Coughlan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin
Mary Clarke
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin
Ian Kelleher
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin
Mary Cannon
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Dublin, Ireland Department of Psychiatry, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
*
Author for correspondence: Eleanor Carey, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

Psychotic experiences (PE) are highly prevalent in childhood and are known to be associated with co-morbid mental health disorders and functional difficulties in adolescence. However, little is known about the long-term outcomes of young people who report PE.

Methods

As part of the Adolescent Brain Development Study, 211 young people were recruited in childhood (mean age 11.7 years) and underwent detailed clinical interviews, with 25% reporting PE. A 10 year follow-up study was completed and 103 participants returned (mean age 20.9 years). Structured clinical interviews for DSM-5 (SCID-5) and interviewer-rated assessments of functioning were conducted. A detailed neuropsychological battery was also administered. Analyses investigated group differences between those who had ever reported PE and controls in early adulthood.

Results

The PE group was at a significantly higher risk of meeting DSM-5 criteria for a current (OR 4.08, CI 1.16–14.29, p = 0.03) and lifetime psychiatric disorder (OR 3.27, CI 1.43–7.47, p = 0.005). They were also at a significantly higher risk of multi-morbid lifetime psychiatric disorders. Significantly lower scores on current social and global functioning measures were observed for the PE group. Overall, there were no differences in neuropsychological performance between groups apart from significantly lower scores on the Stroop Word task and the Purdue Pegboard task for the PE group.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that reports of PE are associated with poorer mental health and functional outcomes in early adulthood, with some persisting cognitive and motor deficits. Young people who report such symptoms could be considered a target group for interventions to aid functional outcomes.

Keywords

Early adulthoodfunctioningmental health outcomesneuropsychologypsychotic experiences
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 51 , Issue 11 , August 2021 , pp. 1861 - 1869
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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