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Common mental disorders in young adults born late-preterm

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2016

K. Heinonen ,
E. Kajantie ,
A.-K. Pesonen ,
M. Lahti ,
S. Pirkola ,
D. Wolke ,
A. Lano ,
S. Sammallahti ,
J. Lahti  and
S. Andersson
...Show all authors
K. Heinonen*
Affiliation:
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
E. Kajantie
Affiliation:
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
A.-K. Pesonen
Affiliation:
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
M. Lahti
Affiliation:
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
S. Pirkola
Affiliation:
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland University of Tampere, School of Health Sciences, Tampere, Finland
D. Wolke
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
A. Lano
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
S. Sammallahti
Affiliation:
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
J. Lahti
Affiliation:
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland
S. Andersson
Affiliation:
Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
J. G. Eriksson
Affiliation:
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland Unit of General Practice, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
K. Raikkonen
Affiliation:
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
*
*Address for correspondence: Dr K. Heinonen, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, P.O. Box 9, 00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. (Email: [email protected])
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Abstract

Background

Results of adulthood mental health of those born late-preterm (34 + 0–36 + 6 weeks + days of gestation) are mixed and based on national registers. We examined if late-preterm birth was associated with a higher risk for common mental disorders in young adulthood when using a diagnostic interview, and if this risk decreased as gestational age increased.

Method

A total of 800 young adults (mean = 25.3, s.d. = 0.62 years), born 1985–1986, participated in a follow-up of the Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study. Common mental disorders (mood, anxiety and substance use disorders) during the past 12 months were defined using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (Munich version). Gestational age was extracted from hospital birth records and categorized into early-preterm (<34 + 0, n = 37), late-preterm (34 + 0–36 + 6, n = 106), term (37 + 0–41 + 6, n = 617) and post-term (⩾42 + 0, n = 40).

Results

Those born late-preterm and at term were at a similar risk for any common mental disorder [odds ratio (OR) 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67–1.84], for mood (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.54–2.25), anxiety (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.40–2.50) and substance use (OR 1.31, 95% CI 0.74–2.32) disorders, and co-morbidity of these disorders (p = 0.38). While the mental disorder risk decreased significantly as gestational age increased, the trend was driven by a higher risk in those born early-preterm.

Conclusions

Using a cohort born during the advanced neonatal and early childhood care, we found that not all individuals born preterm are at risk for common mental disorders in young adulthood – those born late-preterm are not, while those born early-preterm are at a higher risk. Available resources for prevention and intervention should be targeted towards the preterm group born the earliest.

Keywords

Anxiety disorderslate pretermmental disordersmood disorderssubstance use disorders
Type
Original Articles
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 46 , Issue 10 , July 2016 , pp. 2227 - 2238
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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