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Caractéristiques cinétiques des antidépresseurs les plus récents (1975-1985)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2020

L. Waintraub
L. Waintraub*
Affiliation:
Chef de Clinique, Clinique des Maladies Mentales et de l'Encéphale, 100, rue de la Santé – 75014Paris, France
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Résumé

Depuis 1975, 15 nouveaux antidépresseurs ont été commercialisés en France. Nous avons voulu étudier leurs caractéristiques pharmacocinétiques et les comparer à celles des antidépresseurs plus anciens.

Il faut tout d'abord noter que, bien que de structure chimique plus hétérogène que leurs prédécesseurs, ces produits possèdent tous une ou plusieurs méthodes de dosage dans le plasma, en général chromatographique.

D’un tableau regroupant les caractéristiques pharmacocinétiques, après dose unique, et après doses répétées de ces antidépresseurs de deuxième génération, nous concluons qu’ils sont peu différents à ce point de vue des antidépresseurs de première génération. Nous remarquons seulement la plus grande rapidité d‘absorption et la demi-vie plus brève de certains nouveaux produits.

De l'ensemble des études portant sur des populations particulières (personnes âgées, insuffisants rénaux, malades déprimés), il est possible de déduire quelques informations importantes concernant l‘utilisation pratique de ces produits.

Summary

Summary

Since 1975, 15 new antidepressants have become available in France. We wished to study and compare their pharmacokinetic characteristics with those of the previously available antidepressants.

Despite the more heterogeneous Chemical stmcture of these new molecules by comparison with their predecessors, they can all be assayed in human plasma by one or several methods, generally using chromatography.

A table provided in this article presents the following parameters: absorption, time to maximum concentration, first-pass effect, bioavailability, metabolites, protein binding, distribution volume, half-life, elimination, time to steady-state concentrations for maprotiline, dosulepine, viloxazine, amineptine, mianserine, quinupramine, amoxapine, demexiptiline, toloxatone, trazodone and fluvoxamine. Pharmacokinetic characteristics after single- and repeated-dose administration of these second generation antidepressants were very similar to those of the first generation drugs, although some of the new molecules showed greater rapidity of absorption and a shorter half-life.

While it is not yet possible to derive new data from the existing studies concerning the relationship between plasma concentrations and clinical effects, some studies in specific populations (elderly, physically ill and depressed patients), provide a number of important data concerning practical use of these drugs.

Keywords

Caractéristiques pharmacocinétiquesNouveaux antidépresseursTechniques de dosageRelations taux plasmatiqueefficacitéPharmacokinetic characteristicsNew antidepressantsAssay methodsRelationship betwen plasma concentrations and efficacy
Type
Research Article
Information
Psychiatry and Psychobiology , Volume 1 , Issue 4 , 1986 , pp. 318 - 328
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 1986

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