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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 February 2022
Many philosophers interested in problems of scientific progress—what it is and whether it is possible—have in recent years, and with good reason, focused on the challenges directed by Kuhn (1962) and Feyerabend (1975) to the traditional belief in progress by accretion. I have argued (in response to Feyerabend's proliferation theory) that the proper locus for a solution to these problems must be the social (or what I prefer to call the “material”) conditions in which proposed competing theories must exist (Goldman 1980)). Recently, Gonzalo Munévar has proposed similar criteria in his book Radical Knowledge (1981). Our approaches have much in common. Most importantly they eschew the wholly “intellectual” criteria offered by almost all philosophers; that is, criteria which focus entirely on a theory's ability to solve problems arising only in thought (whether they be called ‘conceptual’ or ‘empirical’ problems).
This paper was written while I was studying under a National Endowment for the Humanities Residential Fellowship for College Teachers. I am grateful to my colleagues in that program for their suggestions, and to Peter Schuller, my colleague at Miami University, with whom I have discussed these issues.